Modeling melanopsin‐mediated effects of light on circadian phase, melatonin suppression, and subjective sleepiness

Abstract

A physiologically based model of arousal dynamics is improved to incorporate the effects of the light spectrum on circadian phase resetting, melatonin suppression, and subjective sleepiness. To account for these nonvisual effects of light, melanopic irradiance replaces photopic illuminance that was used previously in the model. The dynamic circadian oscillator is revised according to the melanopic irradiance definition and tested against experimental circadian phase resetting dose‐response and phase response data. Melatonin suppression function is recalibrated against melatonin dose‐response data for monochromatic and polychromatic light sources. A new light‐dependent term is introduced into the homeostatic weight component of subjective sleepiness to represent the direct alerting effect of light; the new term responds to light change in a time‐dependent manner and is calibrated against experimental data. The model predictions are compared to a total of 14 experimental studies containing 26 data sets for 14 different spectral light profiles. The revised melanopic model shows on average 1.4 times lower prediction error for circadian phase resetting compared to the photopic‐based model, 3.2 times lower error for melatonin suppression, and 2.1 times lower error for subjective sleepiness. Overall, incorporating melanopic irradiance allowed simulation of wavelength‐dependent responses to light and could explain the majority of the observations. Moving forward, models of circadian phase resetting and the direct effects of light on alertness and sleep need to use nonvisual photoreception‐based measures of light, for example, melanopic irradiance, instead of the traditionally used illuminance based on the visual system.

Design of Honeycomb Shaped Spectroscopy based Biosensor for the Detection of Tuberculosis Cells

“…As a result, the mod-ified simulated structure can be also helpful for further biotechnology as well as medical technology. In addition, the connection between the circadian rhythm (phase shifting [33]) and bacterial resistance is still unknown to the researchers but few pieces of evidence [34,35] and the relation with evoked response potentials [36,37] is in progress [38,39,40]. However, this study does not count circadian rhythm or evoked potentials but could be helpful for such studies.…”

The Mediator Role of Routines on the Relationship between General Procrastination, Academic Procrastination and Perceived Importance of Sleep and Bedtime Procrastination

“…Therefore, future research could consider studying the role of distinct types of variables or aspects that may be unique to Bedtime Procrastination, such as the bedroom environment, household sleep and meal routines, tiredness, and circadian preferences (i.e., morningness/eveningness). Particularly, considering that research has been emphasizing the role of light on alertness and sleep [56] as well as the influence of a person's chronotype on Bedtime Procrastination [20], the design of future studies could include physiology-based circadian model measures as controls of Bedtime Procrastination.…”

Effects of Acute-Partial Sleep Deprivation on High-Intensity Exercise Performance and Cardiac Autonomic Activity in Healthy Adolescents

“…In addition, with respect to the cardiac autonomic activity assessment means, only monitoring a 5 min HRV does not fully reflect cardiac autonomic activity: in order to perform it more comprehensively and accurately, 24 h HRV collection and other variables such as blood pressure and respiratory rate could be involved in future research. Finally, to extend the future study based on the topic of sleep deprivation, the following covariates should be considered to reduce differences in results, such as health condition, sleep habits, and subjective feelings as to sleep quality [61,62]. In addition, more evidence from research with different perspectives is needed to confirm acute-partial sleep deprivation effects on single high-intensity exercise sessions.…”