Model of in vitro Healing to Test the Influence of Dedifferentiated <i>Crithmum maritimum</i> Cells on Dermal Repair and Epidermal Regeneration

Abstract

Background: The aim was to test the influence of dedifferentiated Crithmum maritimum cells (dCMC), totipotent vegetal stem cells, on epidermal regeneration in perfect homeostasis using a skin equivalent (SE) model. Materials and Methods: SE are prepared by seeding fibroblasts on a collagen-glycosaminoglycan-chitosan dermal substrate (DS) epidermalized by keratinocytes 3 weeks later. The originality of this present study lies in the systemic administration of dCMC from the moment when fibroblasts are seeded in the DS right through to the reconstruction of the SE. The thickness of the epidermis as well as the number of proliferating cells expressing Ki-67 and layers expressing terminal differentiation marker (filaggrin) were compared in the dCMC-treated SE versus an untreated control group. Results: dCMC accelerated the complete regeneration and differentiation of the epidermis compared to the negative control (35 days instead of 42 days). Histology showed a multilayered, thick and differentiated epithelium after 35 days of culture. The basal and suprabasal layers had increased 4.88 ± 0.41 times versus the negative control (Mann-Whitney U test: p < 0.001). This result was attributed to the greater proliferation of basal cells because the cell numbers expressing the Ki-67 proliferation marker had increased significantly compared to the negative control (Mann-Whitney U test: p < 0.001). Moreover, dCMC allowed the differentiated epithelium to recover because only treated SE expressed the terminal differentiation marker filaggrin. Conclusion: Our data show that dCMC enhance epidermal cell grafts by stimulating their regeneration and differentiation in perfect homeostasis. They allow the epidermis to recover its structure for protective functions faster than the negative control.

Dynamics of skin barrier repair following preconditioning by a biotechnology-driven extract from samphire (Crithmum maritimum) stem cells

“…Such a process guarantees an adequate physicochemical semipermeable barrier against environmental injuries. In an in vitro model, extracts from dedifferentiated samphire ( Crithmum maritimum ) cells have recently been reported to fasten epidermal regeneration 1 . This study suggested that both the epidermal cell proliferation and maturation/differentiation were stimulated.…”

Prediction of skin anti‐aging clinical benefits of an association of ingredients from marine and maritime origins: Ex vivo evaluation using a label‐free quantitative proteomic and customized data processing approach

“…They differ from the differentiated plant cells by their richness in phenolic acids and more specifically in chlorogenic acid derivatives. Previous studies disclosed a positive influence of dedifferentiated sea fennel cells on epidermal regeneration, skin barrier recovery, and the inhibition of melanogenesis . The three active ingredients were formulated in an aqueous gel as described in Table .…”

“…Previous studies disclosed a positive influence of dedifferentiated sea fennel cells on epidermal regeneration, skin barrier recovery, and the inhibition of melanogenesis. 19,20 The three active ingredients were formulated in an aqueous gel as described in Table 1. In brief, glycerin and preservatives were mixed together and added to water.…”

Plant stem cells culture — a new tool for skin protection and regeneration

“…Additionally, PSCs extract from apple fruit also showed antioxidant properties by stimulating the expression of genes which play an important role in the regulation, cell growth and proliferation (cyclin B1 and E1, p53, IGF II, heme oxygenase 1) [43]. Samphire stem cells extract have a positive influence on the proliferation and viability of human keratinocytes and fibroblasts [45]. Tomato stem cells, in turn, exhibit a protective effect on murine keratinocytes and fibroblasts cells during oxidative stress induced by certain heavy metals (Ni and Pb).…”

“…In in vivo studies using human skin model (SE, skin equivalent model) suggest the increase of cell proliferation in the presence of PSCs, samphire extract. This resulted in the growing thickness of the individual skin layers and increased cell density in both the epidermis and dermis [45]. In clinical studies, extract of stem cells from samphire improved epidermal permeability barrier repair and revealed the soothing and moisturizing effect on the skin [47].…”