<b>Germination and biochemical components of <i>Salvia hispanica</i> L. seeds at different salinity levels and temperatures

Abstract

Most plant species are susceptible to the effects of salinity, such as increases in osmotic potentials and deleterious ionic effects, which in turn affect water absorption in plants and, consequently, compromise germination and seedling growth. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of salinity on the germination, initial growth, and physiological and biochemical components of S. hispanica seedlings at different temperatures. The experimental design was completely randomized, with treatments distributed in a 5 x 4 factorial scheme with five saline concentrations (0.0 (control), 4.5, 9.0, 13.5, and 18.0 dS m-1) four temperature regimes (20, 25, 30, and 20-30°C), and four replicates of 50 seeds per treatment. The experiment evaluated the germination, growth, biochemical components (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total carotenoids, amino acids, proline and sugars) and phytomass accumulation of S. hispanica seedlings. Saline levels higher than 4.5 dS m-1 together with treatment temperatures of 30 or 20-30°C negatively affected the germination, vigor, growth and biochemical components of the seedlings. The 25°C treatment temperature promoted the best conditions for the development of S. hispanica seedlings up to the saline level of 9.0 dS m-1 .

Phytohormones on the germination and initial growth of pumpkin seedlings under different types of water

“…In more saline waters, such as W 3 , seeds treated with gibberellic acid accumulated more amino acids, showing the effect of this regulator as attenuator of the stress imposed on seedlings. Paiva et al (2018) also verified increase in amino acid concentration in Salvia hispanica L. seedlings under salinity conditions. In Cucumis sativus L. seedlings whose seeds were osmoprimed with saline water, Matias et al (2018) found that there was accumulation of amino acids, possibly due to osmotic adjustment.…”

“…The gibberellic acid applied to seeds subjected to artesian well water (W 3 ) also led to higher proline accumulation, while salicylic acid promoted the accumulation of this metabolite only under fish farming wastewater (W 2 ) ( Figure 3C). Usually, proline accumulation is linked to situations of abiotic stress, as verified in Lippia sidoides (Cham), exposed for long periods (Alvarenga et al, 2011) and in seedlings of Salvia hispanica L. (Paiva et al, 2018).…”

Antioxidant defense and secondary metabolites concentration in hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis L.) plants as affected by salt stress

“…Such high salt toler-ance has been rarely reported in the members of Lamiaceae. In the studies on the salt tolerance in other Lamiaceae species such as Thymus, Perilla, and Salvia, much higher growth inhibition by salt has been reported, and plants were killed by salt concentrations higher than 100 mM (Paiva et al, 2018;Bistgani et al, 2019;Salachna et al, 2019).…”

Comparative analysis of various processing on total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of flaxseed

“…During salt soaking methods i.e. T1 and T2, a significant increase in protein content was observed, this happened due to the synthesis of nitrogen components and sugars that protect the plants structure and maintain its osmotic balance under salt stress conditions [23] or might be due to decrease in viscosity after mucilage removal that increased protein availabiltiy [8] . Similarly, according to Qados [24] , increase in protein concentration was observed during the salt soaking of Vicia fava (L.).…”