2011
DOI: 10.1051/medsci/20112712019
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Les pèlerins de La Mecque, les germes et la communauté internationale

Abstract: Les germes responsables des maladies infectieuses ont coutume d'emprunter les navires pour se déplacer. Le Grand-Saint-Antoine, qui apporte la peste à Marseille en 1720 pour une ultime incursion meurtrière en Europe, est resté dans toutes les mémoires. L'Europe du XIX e siè-cle, portée par une idéologie de progrès, tend d'abord à se croire à l'abri des maladies épidémiques, jugées d'un autre âge, grâce à son degré de « civilisation ». Or l'un des fleurons de cette modernité triomphante, la navigation à vapeur,… Show more

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Cited by 6 publications
(4 citation statements)
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“…Campbell adds that ‘“Ordering” the hajj meant creating modern travellers, as well as modern subjects who were better knowable and reachable by the state’ (Campbell 2014: 265–66; emphasis added). Gradually, by the middle of the 19th century, states also developed such policies through an international health regime, with the first series of international health conferences (Chiffoleau 2011, 2016; Huber 2015; Chantre 2018). This legibility approach can be seen in the first orders to impose passports on pilgrims, as soon as 1825 for the Dutch East Indies (Chiffoleau 2016: 2), by 1846 in French Algeria (Chiffoleau 2005: 137) and in 1881 in the British Strait Settlements (Roff 1982: 372; Low 2008: 282).…”
Section: The State and The Hajj: A Review Of The Literaturementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Campbell adds that ‘“Ordering” the hajj meant creating modern travellers, as well as modern subjects who were better knowable and reachable by the state’ (Campbell 2014: 265–66; emphasis added). Gradually, by the middle of the 19th century, states also developed such policies through an international health regime, with the first series of international health conferences (Chiffoleau 2011, 2016; Huber 2015; Chantre 2018). This legibility approach can be seen in the first orders to impose passports on pilgrims, as soon as 1825 for the Dutch East Indies (Chiffoleau 2016: 2), by 1846 in French Algeria (Chiffoleau 2005: 137) and in 1881 in the British Strait Settlements (Roff 1982: 372; Low 2008: 282).…”
Section: The State and The Hajj: A Review Of The Literaturementioning
confidence: 99%
“…These conferences had spoken about laws and protocols for controlling epidemics, means of prevention, personal hygiene, etc. The resolutions had established international laws of quarantine against cholera, yellow fever, and other diseases in regard to travels and migration [19].…”
Section: Brief History Of Human Quarantinementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Foi adotada por outras nações europeias na metade do século XIX, nas regulações otomanas 25 , contemplando também outros aspectos, como o saneamento, a circulação de pessoas em meios de transporte cada vez mais velozes entre continentes e a aglomeração em grandes eventos religiosos ou culturais 25,26 . Ersoy 25 cita as conferências internacionais, também chamadas "Quarentena, saúde e conferências sanitárias", a primeira em Paris, em 1851, cujos conceitos-chave foram sanitarismo, doenças e epidemias, de acordo com o mais recente avanço em microbiologia e os métodos de ações epidêmicas, técnicas de quarentena, métodos de prevenção e leis de higiene pessoal.…”
Section: Entendendo a Quarentenaunclassified
“…O estudo genômico das "origens suínas" do H1N1 realizado por Gibbs, et al 47 descartou a origem mexicana, pois os resultados foram inconclusos "quanto ao conhecimento das origens genéticas do vírus". As medidas de quarentena podem justificar relações comerciais não diferentes dos dispendiosos lazaretos do século XIX, os quais favoreciam as grandes corporações navais 22 , ou atos discriminatórios contra grupos étnicos, culturais ou religiosos fora dos padrões europeus 26 . Atualmente, podem justificar a ostensiva proteção militar de fronteiras, como no caso do H1N1 e os combates a uma possível ação bioterrorista 9 .…”
Section: Limitações Sobre a Eficácia Das Medidas De Quarentena Humanaunclassified