Laboratory animal models in periodontology

Weinberg, Mea A.; Bral, Michael

doi:10.1034/j.1600-051x.1999.260601.x

Cited by 118 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…However, more recent studies on humans have shown no relation between periodontal disease and alcohol consumption [6][7] . The use of rat models has been applied in the evaluation of periodontal pathogenesis 8 and regarding the influence of risk indicator/factors, such as estrogen deficiency [9][10] , alcohol consumption [11][12][13][14][15][16] , nicotine 17 and simultaneous nicotine and alcohol use 18 on disease progression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of alcohol intake in periodontitis progression in female rats: a histometric study

Souza¹,

Ricardo²,

Rocha³

2014

Braz. J. Oral Sci.

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Aim: To evaluate histometrically the effect of low and high caloric value of ethanol on ligatureinduced bone loss in female rats. Methods: Sixty female rats were divided into five groups of 12 animals each: Normal Control (water), Test A (low ethanol), Control A (low iso), Test B (high ethanol) and Control B (high iso). Control Groups A and B received diets with the same amount of calories consumed by Test Groups A and B, respectively, with ethanol replaced by isocaloric amounts of carbohydrate. Four weeks prior to the end of the experimental period, half of the rats in each group were randomly assigned to receive a ligature on mandibular molar, whereas the other half of group was left unligated. At 8 weeks, the animals were sacrificed, and the specimens were processed to obtain decalcified sections. The area of periodontal ligament and/or bone loss in the furcation region of the first molars was histometrically measured in five sections per specimen (mm²). Results: Ethanol intake did not have effect on the alveolar bone loss in unligated teeth (p>0.05). However, in ligature-induced periodontitis, high value of calories associated with ethanol feeding enhanced the area of bone loss (p<0.05). Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrated that a low-ethanol diet did not affect the periodontium, while a high-ethanol diet may aggravate the progression of periodontitis, as demonstrated by the increased furcation region bone destruction in periodontal disease.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of alcohol intake in periodontitis progression in female rats: a histometric study

Souza¹,

Ricardo²,

Rocha³

2014

Braz. J. Oral Sci.

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“…Although many previous workers have also investigated the cultivable oral microbiota of dogs, most have relied upon conventional identification methods, and their studies have been aimed at gaining a better understanding of the human microbiota. In particular, the dog has often been used as an animal model for human oral diseases, such as periodontal disease (28), and it has also received attention because of the bacteria that it may transfer to people, for example, through bites (1,9). In this respect it has been recognized that the dog has a distinct oral microbiota, as it is widely believed that bites from dogs are less dangerous than human bites in terms of wound infection potential (12).…”

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confidence: 99%

Cultivable Oral Microbiota of Domestic Dogs

Elliott

Wilson

Buckley³

et al. 2005

J Clin Microbiol

109

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Bacteria were isolated from the dental plaques of nine dogs and a sample of pooled saliva from five other dogs and were then identified by comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Among 339 isolates, 84 different phylotypes belonging to 37 genera were identified. Approximately half of the phylotypes were identified to the species level, and 28% of these were considered members of the indigenous oral microbiota of humans. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of the remaining 44 phylotypes were not represented in GenBank, and most of these phylotypes were tentatively identified as candidate new species. The genera most frequently isolated from saliva were Actinomyces (26%), Streptococcus (18%), and Granulicatella (17%). The genera most frequently isolated from plaque were Porphyromonas (20%), Actinomyces (12%), and Neisseria (10%). A comparison of the DNA sequences from this study with sequences of the human microbiota available in GenBank showed that, on average, canine and human microbiotas differed by almost 7% in the 16S rRNA gene. In conclusion, this study has shown that the cultivable oral microbiotas of dogs and humans show significant differences.

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“…However, the rate of proliferation differed among the animals, so that epithelial downgrowth sometimes stopped at the coronal level of the notch, and sometimes extended beyond it. In general, the gingival tissue of rats shows features similar to those in man (20,25,26), and for this reason rats have often been used in studies of periodontal disease (20,22,23,27,28). Several previous studies that have assessed the effects of EDTA gel as a coadjuvant in periodontal treatment focused on the root surface of human teeth extracted due to severe periodontitis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%