Alcohol consumption is a risk indicator for periodontal disease. The purpose of this study was to morphometrically evaluate the influence of alcohol consumption on alveolar bone level associated with ligature-induced periodontitis in rats. Thirty-six female rats (Wistar, 120 days-old) were randomly divided into three groups that received a daily administration of a water diet (control, n = 12), a 10% alcohol diet (10% ethanol, n = 12) or a 20% alcohol diet (20% ethanol, n = 12). Four weeks after the onset of the experiment, cotton ligatures were placed around the cervix of the upper right second molar in six rats. The other 6 rats in each group remained unligated. The rats were sacrificed four weeks after ligature placement. The maxillary bones were removed and alveolar bone loss was analyzed by measuring the distance between the cementoenamel junction and the alveolar bone crest at 2 buccal and 2 palatal sites on the upper right second molar. Analyses between the ligated and unligated groups showed that the presence of ligature induced alveolar bone loss (p < 0.05). Unligated groups showed no significant differences between each other (p > 0.05). In the ligated groups, rats receiving 20% ethanol showed significantly greater bone loss compared to control rats or rats receiving 10% ethanol. These results demonstrate that alcohol consumption may increase alveolar bone loss in female rats in a dosedependent manner.

Objective:The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the alcohol consumption on the periodontal bone support (PBS) in experimental periodontitis in rats.Materials and Methods:Sixty-three male rats were divided into seven groups: G1 (control); G2 (10% ethanol); G3 (nutritional control of G2); G4 (20% ethanol); G5 (nutritional control of G4); G6 (30% ethanol) and G7 (nutritional control of G6). The groups G3, G5 and G7 received controlled diets with equivalent caloric amounts to those consumed in G2, G4 and G6 respectively, with the ethanol replaced by sucrose. After anesthesia, ligatures were installed around the mandibular first molar, leaving the contralateral teeth unligated. After 8 weeks, the rats were killed and their mandibles were radiographed to measure the percentage of PBS on the distal aspect.Results:The intragroup analyses showed that presence of ligatures induced periodontitis (p<0.05). Unligated groups did not show significant differences among the percentages of PBS (p=0.1969). However, in ligated groups the rats that received alcohol (G2:48.71%±3.88; G4:47.66%±2.54; G6:47.32%±3.24) and the nutritional control group associated with a high concentration of ethanol (G7:47.40%±3.24) presented a significantly lower percentage of PBS than the other groups (G1:52.40%±2.75; G3:52.83%±2.41; G5:50.85%±4.14).Conclusions:These results demonstrated that alcohol consumption in rats may result in a direct effect on alveolar bone loss and increased development of periodontitis. In addition, they suggest that heavy caloric consumption of ethanol may also present an indirect effect on periodontal tissue as a consequence of malnutrition.

Our findings demonstrated that both therapies reduced mean PD from 90 to 360 days; however, SRP combined with the use of subgingival minocycline showed a higher reduction at 270 and 360 days following therapy.

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Aim. To assess the clinical periodontal and medical parameters in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) at different levels of renal disease. Background. CRF is a progressive and irreversible loss of renal function associated with a decline in the glomerular filtration rate. Periodontal disease is a destructive inflammatory disease affecting periodontal tissues that shows high prevalence in patients with CRF. Materials and Methods. 102 CRF patients were included and divided into an early stage group (EG), predialysis group (PDG), and hemodialysis group (HDG). The medical parameters were taken from the patients' records. Results. Periodontal clinical condition differed among the CRF groups. Clinical attachment loss was greater in the HDG and PDG group compared to the EG (p = 0.0364); the same was observed in the Plaque Index (p = 0.0296); the others periodontal parameters did not show any differences. Ferritin levels were significantly higher in the HDG when compared to the EG and PGD (p < 0.0001), and fibrinogen was higher in PDG compared with the others (p < 0.0001); the triglycerides also showed higher values in the HDG compared with the other groups (p < 0.0001). Conclusion. The patients with renal involvement should have a multidisciplinary approach to an improvement in their oral and systemic health.

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Based on these results, we posit that previous exposure to CsA may influence gingival overgrowth, but not bone loss, in rats with experimental periodontitis.

O objetivo neste estudo foi avaliar a característica anatômica do osso alveolar de ratos por meio dos métodos radiográfico e morfométrico. Para tanto foram utilizados 30 ratos. Os animais foram sacrificados e as mandíbulas e maxilas direitas foram fixadas em formol a 10%. Os espécimes foram morfométricamente analisados em lupa esteroscópica para determinação do nível ósseo alveolar nas faces livres. Posteriormente, foram radiografados para mensuração do suporte ósseo periodontal (SOP) junto as proximais distal e mesial. As mensurações foram realizadas duas vezes por um único examinador. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente pelo teste ANOVA com nível de significância de 5%. Pelo teste t pareado não foi observada diferença estatística (p>0,05) para as duas medidas realizadas. O percentual de SOP não diferiu estatisticamente nem entre as raízes mesial e distal nem entre os arcos (p>0,05). Entretanto, o nível ósseo alveolar apresentou-se menor na raiz distal da mandíbula em relação as outras, na maxila foi maior nas raízes linguais que nas vestibulares (p=0,0000). Quando comparada as raízes linguais maxilares com as mandibulares, os valores mandibulares foram estatisticamente superiores (p=0,000). O presente estudo experimental transversal em ratos verificou que os métodos radiográfico e morfométrico são reproduzíveis e complementares e que a anatomia óssea alveolar dos molares avaliados se caracteriza por apresentar níveis ósseos distintos associadas a suporte ósseo periodontal proporcionalmente equivalentes.