“…However, teachers must continue to prioritize achieving concepts and values in social studies learning. Thus, students have responsibilities as members of society, including communication skills, responsibilities as citizens of the country and the world, and a positive attitude towards values, attitudes, and norms (Jumriani, Rahayu, Abbas, Mutiani, Handy, & Subiyakto, 2021;Mutiani, Supriatna, Wiyanarti, Alfisyah, & Abbas, 2021).…”