Influence of the Lactating Women Diet on the Concentration of the Lipophilic Vitamins in Human Milk

Duda, G; Nogala‐Kałucka, Małgorzata; Karwowska, W.; Kupczyk, B.; Lampart‐Szczapa, E.

doi:10.3923/pjn.2009.629.634

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Finally, Appendix A reports on the mean α-tocopherol concentration of human milk from healthy lactating mothers in 14 studies. Among them, seven studies did not explicitly indicate whether the infants were born pre-term or at term (Romeu-Nadal et al, 2008a;Romeu-Nadal et al, 2008b;Duda et al, 2009;Molto-Puigmarti et al, 2009;Molto-Puigmarti et al, 2011;Kasparova et al, 2012;Martysiak-Zurowska et al, 2013), and two studies in mothers of full-term infants were not undertaken in the European Union (EU) (Tokusoglu et al, 2008;Orhon et al, 2009). These nine studies are listed in Appendix A, for completeness.…”

Section: Breast Milkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on Dietary Reference Values for vitamin E as α‐tocopherol

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2015

EFS2

108

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Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) derived Dietary Reference Values (DRVs) for vitamin E. In this Opinion, the Panel considers vitamin E as α-tocopherol only. The Panel considers that Average Requirements (ARs) and Population Reference Intakes (PRIs) for vitamin E (as α-tocopherol) cannot be derived for adults, infants and children, and therefore defines Adequate Intakes (AIs), based on observed intakes in healthy populations with no apparent α-tocopherol deficiency in the EU. This approach considers the range of average intakes of α-tocopherol and of α-tocopherol equivalents estimated by EFSA from dietary surveys in children and adults in nine countries. The Panel notes the uncertainties in the available food composition and consumption data, the fact that most EU food composition databases contain values for vitamin E as α-tocopherol equivalents, as well as the contribution of average α-tocopherol intakes to average α-tocopherol equivalent intakes in these countries. For adults, an AI for α-tocopherol is set at 13 mg/day for men and 11 mg/day for women. For children aged 1 to < 3 years, an AI for α-tocopherol is set at 6 mg/day for both sexes. For children aged 3 to < 10 years, an AI for α-tocopherol is set at 9 mg/day for both sexes. For children aged 10 to < 18 years, an AI for α-tocopherol is set at 13 mg/day for boys and 11 mg/day for girls. For infants aged 7-11 months, an AI for α-tocopherol of 5 mg/day is derived by extrapolating upwards from the estimated α-tocopherol intake in exclusively breast-fed infants aged 0-6 months and rounding. For pregnant or lactating women, the Panel considers that there is no evidence for an increased dietary α-tocopherol requirement, and the same AI is set as for non-pregnant non-lactating women. Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin. Previously, the term vitamin E was used as the generic term for four tocopherols (α, β, γ, δ) and four tocotrienols (α, β, γ, δ), which are organic compounds that possess antioxidant activity to a different degree. Factors have been used to convert food contents of tocopherols and tocotrienols to α-tocopherol equivalents. In this Opinion, based on the available evidence and in line with other authoritative bodies, the Panel considers vitamin E as being α-tocopherol only. Its naturally occurring form is RRR-α-tocopherol. Commercially available forms of α-tocopherol include RRR-α-tocopherol, a synthetic form that contains in equal proportions the eight stereoisomers of α-tocopherol (RRR-, RRS-, RSR-, RSS-and their enantiomers SSS-, SSR-, SRS-, SRR-) and is called all-rac-α-tocopherol, and their esterified forms. © EuropeanEfficient α-tocopherol absorption requires the presence of fat. The Panel considered that the average α-tocopherol absorption from a usual diet is about 75 %. This is based on the means observed in two balance studies and in a kinetic study using a multi-compartmental model of α-tocopherol metabolism. After its intestinal absorption, α-toc...

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Section: Breast Milkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on Dietary Reference Values for vitamin E as α‐tocopherol

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2015

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108

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“…According to Debier et al ( 6 ) , newborn infants are more susceptible to oxidative damage than adults. Breastmilk plays an important role in protecting against oxidative stress, because it contains antioxidant molecules, including the tocopherols, and it is especially important for preterms since it can prevent retinopathy ( 7 , 8 ) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Segundo Debier et al ( 6 ) , os neonatos são mais suscetíveis ao dano oxidativo quando comparados aos adultos. O leite materno tem um importante papel na proteção contra o estresse oxidativo, pois contém moléculas antioxidantes, como os tocoferóis, especialmente importantes para os prematuros, prevenindo a retinopatia nesse grupo ( 7 , 8 ) .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Influence of prematurity and birth weight on the concentration of ?-tocopherol in colostrum milk

Grilo

Lira

Dimenstein

et al. 2013

Rev. paul. pediatr.

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OBJECTIVE: To assess vitamin E levels in the breast milk, analyzing the prematurity and the birth weight influence in α-tocopherol concentration of colostrum milk. METHODS: Cross-sectional study, in which the colostrum was collected from 93 nursing mothers in a public maternity of Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Northeast Brazil. The newborns were classified based on gestational age and birth weight. The analysis of α-tocopherol in the milk was carried out by high performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS: The α-tocopherol concentration in the colostrum of lactating women whose children were born at term was 1,093.6±532.4µg/dL; for preterm infants, the concentration was 1,321.6±708.5µg/dL (p=0.109). In the preterm group, the α-tocopherol concentration in the colostrum of lactating women whose children were born with low and normal birth weight was 1,316.0±790.7 and 1,327.2±655.0µg/dL, respectively (p=0.971). In the term group, the α-tocopherol levels were higher in mothers of children with birth weight >4000g, being 1,821.0±575.4µg/dL, compared to 869.5±532.1µg/dL and 1,039.6±477.5µg/dL with low and adequate birth weight, respectively (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Prematurity did not influence α-tocopherol levels in the colostrum milk. Mothers who had macrossomic term neonates presented increased α-tocopherol levels. These results indicate that birth weight can influence α-tocopherol leves in the colostrum milk.

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“…Treatment with the combination of antioxidants and various nutrients (n-acetylcysteine, selenium, zinc, copper, manganese, iron, B complex, folic acid, calcium and vitamin A, C, E) was associated with better outcomes of both maternal and perinatal pregnant women with deficient antioxidant defense when compared to control. Furthermore, preeclampsia was significantly less frequent in women that received the supplementation as compared to those of control group 44 (DUDA, et al 2009). Ashok et al 46 (2011) showed that lycopene supplementation does not prevent pre-eclampsia in women although may reduce fetal complications.…”

Section: Antioxidant Supplementationmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In the same study it was further shown that the combination of α-tocopherol and dietary vitamin C increased concentration of total immunoglobulins and IgG in plasma from the creates 40 Examining a physiological gestational model in Wistarrats, our group recently showed that tomato oleoresin supplementation during gestation was accompanied by a significant reduction in oxidative damage of purine and pyrimidine bases in DNA from peripheral lymphocytes at the end pregnancy as compared to those of pre-mating 42 (BERCHIERI-RONCHI, 2013). On the other hand, an experimental study observed that supplementation with G.bilobaextract in pregnant diabetic mice alters neither antioxidant parameters in dam and breed nor reproductive performance and perinatal outcomes 43 (POSTON, et al 2006).Recent clinical study showed that dietary deficiency of vitamins A and E during lactation mother was correlated with low levels of these vitamins in breast milk 44 (DUDA, et al 2009). Similarly, maternal inadequate dietary intake of vitamin A and selenium during lactation significantly decreased the concentration of these nutrients in milk 39 (PERRONE, et al 2007).…”

Section: Antioxidant Supplementationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of oxidative stress during human and animal reproductions: A review

Berchieri-Ronchi

Presti

Ferreira

et al. 2015

International Journal of Nutrology

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Given its high ability to damage important cellular components (lipids, proteins and deoxyribonucleic acid), oxidative stress is now recognized as one of the most common mechanisms associated with development of a variety of diseases and natural events such as pregnancy. During reproduction period, there is a change in the pro-oxidant and antioxidant balance due to the body and circulation modifications that are inherent to the pregnancy process. The present paper discusses the role of oxidative stress on the reproduction process. More effective defense strategies are needed to decrease the deleterious effects of oxidative-stress-induced gestation. This approach could be achieved by antioxidant status alteration. Further clinical and experimental studies are needed for better understanding of oxidative stress mechanism and the impact of antioxidant supplementation on reproduction.

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Influence of the Lactating Women Diet on the Concentration of the Lipophilic Vitamins in Human Milk

Cited by 13 publications

References 2 publications

Scientific Opinion on Dietary Reference Values for vitamin E as α‐tocopherol

Scientific Opinion on Dietary Reference Values for vitamin E as α‐tocopherol

Influence of prematurity and birth weight on the concentration of ?-tocopherol in colostrum milk

Effects of oxidative stress during human and animal reproductions: A review

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