Influence of physical factors on viability of microorganisms for plant protection

Abstract

The development of pathogen resistance and the relatively high cost of chemical fungicides dictate the necessity to develop alternative disease control strategies. These strategies include biological methods of plant protection. However, the effectiveness of biological plant protection depends on the biological agent's activity, which strongly depends on external physical factors. The applicant of biological remedies for seed inlay is one of the environmentally safe ways to combat seed and soil infection. However, nowadays, the impact of mechanical means during seed inoculation on the survival of microorganisms remains poorly studied. A laboratory installation has been created that makes it possible to imitate the working process of applying microorganisms to plant seeds during inlay, changing the pressure in the distribution system, the types of sprayers and the temperature of the working composition of the biological product with its further study in order to determine the number of living microorganisms remaining in it after processing. According to the results of the experimental data, graphical dependences were constructed showing the impact of pressure in the sprayer system, the temperature of the biological product and the type of spraying device on the viability of microorganisms. For microorganisms of RECB-50B (based on Bacillus sp.), RECB-14B (based on Pseudomonas putida), RECB-74F (Trichoderma viride) strains, the optimal parameters of the above factors were established during mechanical application of a biological product to the treated seeds: temperature of the working compound is 20 to 25 ºС, the pressure in the biopreparation delivery system is 0.4 MPa, the optimal type of spray nozzle is experimental, adapted for working with biopreparations.

Droplet size of virocide disinfectant liquid from vortex injector sprayer under different operating conditions

“…In the dispersion process, the liquid viscosity significantly affects the size of the resulting droplets [13]. With increasing temperature, the physicochemical properties of liquids (kinematic viscosity and surface tension) decrease [14], since the adhesion forces between the molecules weaken [15; 16].…”

The effect of fertigation on salinization and stability of soil aggregates, taking into account the effectiveness of precipitation on their natural desalination in central Europe

“…Weather data were monitored daily at Suchdol Weather Station using TightVNC, a remote control software package. The daily evapotranspiration was evaluated using DSS-FSS, which works according to the modified FAO Penman-Monteith equations [4,12]. To study the effect of soil desalination by reducing salinity by leaching and changing its physical properties, six soil samples (three ones from a depth of 10 cm and three ones from a depth of 20 cm) were taken from each plot in September, November and January.…”

“…Salinization means that the concentration of solute in the soil is higher than in the root. Due to the osmosis, water leaves the root system of plants and becomes less accessible for plants [4,5].…”

Numerical modeling of the effect of energy-separation in the ranque-hilsch tube

“…In the modern world, the use of the vortex effect for generating heat and cold is becoming more and more relevant [1,2]. Vortex devices are used as a source of heat and cold for thermal exposure and to improve technical parameters of nebulizers when dispersing various media [3][4][5].…”