Infection Control in Developing World

Raka, Lul; Mulliqi‐Osmani, Gjyle

doi:10.5772/33282

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“… 1 HCAI represents a major threat to patient safety and quality of healthcare in developing countries. 10 There are limited data on HCAIs from Ethiopia. 8 In this study, we sought to determine the incidence of healthcare-associated infections and associated risk factors at Adama Hospital Medical College (AHMC).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Burden of Healthcare-Associated Infections and Associated Risk Factors at Adama Hospital Medical College, Adama, Oromia, Ethiopia

Chernet¹,

Dasta²,

Belachew³

et al. 2020

DHPS

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The study participants' clinical characteristics were collected using a structured interview and clinical evaluations. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics using SPSS software version 20. Various clinical samples collected from participants were processed and bacteria were isolated by using standard microbiological methods recommended by the World Health Organization. Result: The total incidence rate of HCAI was 9.7 [95% CI: 7.1-12.9] cases per 1000 persons-days. Specific incidence rates were as follows: 8 cases per 1000 person-days [95% CI: 08.74, 20.66] for surgical site infections; 60.2 cases per 1000 device-days [95% CI: 33.47, 100.3] for catheter-associated urinary tract infections; 1.4 cases per 1000 device-days [95% CI: 0.06752, 6.656] for catheter-associated bloodstream infections; 14.1 cases per 1000 device-days [95% CI: 0.7047, 69.46] for ventilator-associated pneumonia; 73.5 cases per 1000 person-days [95% CI: 26.94, 163] for non-surgical skin break infections and 0.6 cases per 1000 person-days [95% CI: 0.02906, 2.864] for antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Most of the infections were caused by Gram-negative bacteria. Renal disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus were significantly associated with HCAI (P<0.05). Conclusion: HCAI was predominant in this study. The major contributing factors for HCAI at AHMC were renal disease and type 2diabetes mellitus.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Burden of Healthcare-Associated Infections and Associated Risk Factors at Adama Hospital Medical College, Adama, Oromia, Ethiopia

Chernet¹,

Dasta²,

Belachew³

et al. 2020

DHPS

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“…100 pasien yang dirawat di rumah sakit, 10 pasien terkena infeksi nosokomial di negara berkembang dan 7 pasien terkena infeksi nosokomial di negara maju (WHO, 2018). Infeksi nosokomial di negara berkembang 2-6x lebih banyak dibandingkan di negara maju (Raka and Osmani, 2012).…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Factors Affecting Nurses’ Compliance in Implementing Standard Precautions in Government Hospital in Yogyakarta

Sagita

Pangastuti

Alim

2019

ICON

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Background:Nosocomial infection is infections that occur in patients when they are hospitalized. Data in several countries found that hundreds of millions patients worldwide are exposed to nosocomial infection each year. Standard precautions are applied to prevent infections in the hospital. The results of observations and interviews on nurses at Wates Regional Public Hospital found non-compliance of nurses in implementing standard precautions.Objective:The aim of this study is to determine factors affecting nurses’ compliance in Wates Regional Public Hospital, Yogyakarta.Method: This was cross sectional study, using questionnaire and standard precautions compliance check list. Observation was conducted twice on june 26th to July 7th, 2018. The subjects were 103 nurses in 10 inpatients room, taken by total sampling. Data was analyzed by pearson, spearman and mann whitney u test as bivariate, and also linier regression as multivariate.Result:The result of this study indicate that there were significant relationship between gender, standard precautions knowledge, motivation and work experience with nurses’ (p < 0,05), while there were insignificant relationship between age, education level, attitude, risk perception, preventive efficacy, risk taking personality, needle punctured experience, workload, infection knowledge, work stress, obstacles in standard precautions, the availability of personal protective equipment, safety climate and safety performance feedback with nurses’ compliance (p > 0.05). Multivariate test indicate that motivation has a dominant influence on nurses’ compliance.Conclusion and Suggestion: Factors influencing nurse compliance with standard precautions include motivation, work experience and risk taking personality. The dominant factor influencing nurse compliance with standard precautions is motivation. Suggestions from this study are to improve the completeness of facilities and tools related to standard precautions, monitoring and evaluation of nurses’ compliance. Further study needs to be held related to standard precautions each component include hand washing, personal protective equipment usage, care equipment decontamination, safe injecting practices, sharp objects and waste management.Key words:nosocomial infection, compliance to standard precaution, Wates Regional Public Hospital 1: Wates Regional Public Hospital2: Master in Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing UGM

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“…Infectious and contagious diseases are of global concern and are the second most common cause of death in flora and fauna. 1 Communicable infectious diseases have threatened and challenged humans throughout history, where observers have recorded the advent of epidemics from epizootic diseases. Before communicable diseases were identified, infections were often attributed to various conditions: asters, environmental changes, acts of God, or spiritual reasons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…43 Infectious diseases cause 15 million deaths per year, of which 95% occur in the emerging economic nations, and these deaths are principally because of acute respiratory infections, diarrheal diseases, measles, AIDS, malaria, and tuberculosis. 1 Furthermore, it has been estimated that globally more than 1.4 million patients have HCAIs at any one time in both advanced and emergent countries, causing a substantial financial burden at an individual, community, and public levels. 44 A considerable proportion of HCAIs are, however, preventable through proper infection prevention and control (IPC) policy and planning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies to Prevent Healthcare-Associated Infections: A Narrative Overview

Haque¹,

McKimm²,

Sartelli³

et al. 2020

RMHP

101

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Healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs) are a major source of morbidity and mortality and are the second most prevalent cause of death. Furthermore, it has been reported that for every one-hundred patients admitted to hospital, seven patients in high-income economies and ten in emerging and low-income economies acquire at least one type of HCAI. Currently, almost all pathogenic microorganisms have developed antimicrobial resistance, and few new antimicrobials are being developed and brought to market. The literature search for this narrative review was performed by searching bibliographic databases (including Google Scholar and PubMed) using the search terms: "Strategies," "Prevention," and "Healthcare-Associated Infections," followed by snowballing references cited by critical articles. We found that although hand hygiene is a centuries-old concept, it is still the primary strategy used around the world to prevent HCAIs. It forms one of a bundle of approaches used to clean and maintain a safe hospital environment and to stop the transmission of contagious and infectious microorganisms, including multidrug-resistant microbes. Finally, antibiotic stewardship also has a crucial role in reducing the impact of HCAIs through conserving currently available antimicrobials.

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Infection Control in Developing World

Cited by 15 publications

References 46 publications

<p>Burden of Healthcare-Associated Infections and Associated Risk Factors at Adama Hospital Medical College, Adama, Oromia, Ethiopia</p>

<p>Burden of Healthcare-Associated Infections and Associated Risk Factors at Adama Hospital Medical College, Adama, Oromia, Ethiopia</p>

Factors Affecting Nurses’ Compliance in Implementing Standard Precautions in Government Hospital in Yogyakarta

<p>Strategies to Prevent Healthcare-Associated Infections: A Narrative Overview</p>

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