Identification of a Correlation between <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Infection and Graves’ Disease

Bassi, V.; Santinelli, Crescenzo; Iengo, Alba; Romano, Carmela

doi:10.1111/j.1523-5378.2010.00802.x

Cited by 40 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…In addition to gastrointestinal disease, H. pylori is associated with several autoimmune diseases, including idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), Sjögren syndrome, systemic sclerosis [19], Graves' disease [20], and autoimmune pancreatitis [21]. Given this association with autoimmune diseases, we hypothesized that H. pylori might induce systemic immunological changes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Significance of Peripheral Blood T Lymphocyte Subsets inHelicobacter pylori-Infected Patients

Satoh¹,

Ogawara²,

Kawamura

et al. 2012

Gastroenterology Research and Practice

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Background. Helicobacter pylori chronically colonizes gastric/duodenal mucosa and induces gastroduodenal disease and vigorous humoral and cellular immune responses. Methods. In order to clarify the immunological changes induced by this infection, we determined the percentage and, as indicated, ratios of the following cells in peripheral blood of 45 H. pylori-infected patients and 21 control subjects: CD4+ T cell, CD8+ T cells, T helper 1 cells (Th1), T helper 2 cells (Th2), CD4+CD25+ T cells, Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs), CD4/CD8 ratio, and Th1/Th2 ratio. Results. The percentage of CD8+ T cells was significantly lower in H. pylori-infected patients (mean ± SD; 18.0 ± 7.1%) compared to control subjects (mean ± SD; 23.2 ± 7.8%) (P < 0.05). The CD4/CD8 ratio was significantly higher in H. pylori-infected patients (mean ± SD; 3.1 ± 2.4) compared to control subjects (mean ± SD; 2.1 ± 1.0) (P < 0.05). The Th1/Th2 ratio was significantly lower in H. pylori-infected patients (mean ± SD; 10.0 ± 8.5) compared to control subjects (mean ± SD; 14.5 ± 9.0) (P < 0.05). The percentage of CD4+CD25+ T cells in H. pylori-infected patients (mean ± SD; 13.2 ± 6.2%) was significantly higher than that in control subjects (mean ± SD; 9.8 ± 3.4%) (P < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in Tregs. Conclusion. Tregs did not decrease, but the activation of humoral immunity and Th2 polarization were observed in the peripheral blood of H. pylori-infected patients. In some cases, these changes may induce systemic autoimmune diseases.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Significance of Peripheral Blood T Lymphocyte Subsets inHelicobacter pylori-Infected Patients

Satoh¹,

Ogawara²,

Kawamura

et al. 2012

Gastroenterology Research and Practice

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“…Prevalance rate of H. pylori positivity showed statistically significant different between Graves' disease and control group in 4 studies. 7,8,13,14 One study showed higher prevalence of H. pylori positivity in Graves' disease group although it was not statistically significant. 12 One study, in contrary, showed higher prevalence of H. pylori positivity in control group but not statistically significant.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7,8,[12][13][14][15] Four studies had Graves' disease subjects as a subgroup of the case group (subjects with autoimmune thyroid disease) and 2 other studies had Graves' disease subjects as the whole subjects of case group. 7,8,12,15 All studies had greater number of female than male subjects in both Graves' disease and control groups. None of the studies performed endoscopy due to young age subjects and had no alarm symptoms.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The impact of this microaerophilic, gram negative curved bacillus is not just limited at the gastrointestinal; moreover, it has been proposed to have extra-gastrointestinal manifestations, such as coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus, autoimmune diseases. [3][4][5][6][7] The presence of seropositivity to the cytotoxin-associated gene A (Cag-A) is commonly used to identify the virulence of H. pylori. 6,7 The interaction of H. pylori as infectious environmental exposure and genetic susceptibility resulting in autoimmune disorder such as Graves' disease has become an appealing issue.…”

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[3][4][5][6][7] The presence of seropositivity to the cytotoxin-associated gene A (Cag-A) is commonly used to identify the virulence of H. pylori. 6,7 The interaction of H. pylori as infectious environmental exposure and genetic susceptibility resulting in autoimmune disorder such as Graves' disease has become an appealing issue. 1,3,4,8 The present study was performed to evaluate the association between H. pylori infection and Graves' disease through review of existing studies.…”

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association between Helicobacter pylori Infection and Graves’ Disease: A Meta-Analysis

Darmawan

Simadibrata

Widyahening

2020

InaJGHE

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Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is proposed to be related with autoimmune diseases Graves' disease (OR = 2.7; p < 0.001). In subgroup analysis of 3 studies using non-serological diagnostic method, the prevalence rate of H. pylori infection was higher in Graves' disease group (78.26% vs. 42.42%) with significant relationship (OR = 4.93; p < 0.00001; I 2 = 0%). The Cytotoxin associated gene A (CagA) antibody prevalence was significantly higher in Graves' disease group (46.57% vs. 20.29%; OR = 4.41; p < 0.00001; I 2 = 56%).

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The risk factors for Graves’ ophthalmopathy

Cao

Chen

et al. 2021

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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Purpose This review aimed to provide an overview of current research into the risk factors for Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO). Methods To find information about the risk factors for GO, the research database PubMed was searched and relevant articles were obtained to extract information about risk factors. Results Smoking has been widely accepted as an important risk factor and cigarette smoking cessation has been shown to improve the outcome and decrease the onset of GO. Radioactive iodine on the thyroid may induce hyperthyroidism and increase the occurrence of GO. Selenium deficiency is a risk factor for GO and the supplementation of selenium has been an adjuvant therapy. Decreasing stressful life events (SLE) may help improve GO. Imbalance in intestinal flora is essential to GO, with Yersinia enterocolitica and Escherichia coli both increased in the digestive tract of the individual with GO. In addition, controlling serum cholesterol may help improve GO since adipogenesis is an important pathological change in its pathogenesis. Considering the correlation between Graves' disease and GO, maintaining normal thyroid function hormone level is the first-line therapeutic strategy to prevent progression of GO. An increase in antibodies such as TSHR and IGF-1R is the main predictor of GO. Besides, gender and gene polymorphism are also risk factors towards GO. Conclusions Risk factors for GO arise from five sources: physical and chemical environment, social-psychological environment, biological environment, the human organism, and genetic codes. Risk factors within these categories may interact with each other and their mechanisms in promoting the development of GO are complex. Research into risk factors for GO may promote emerging fields related to GO such as control of autoantibodies and intestinal microbiota.

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Identification of a Correlation between Helicobacter pylori Infection and Graves’ Disease

Abstract: The association between the Helicobacter pylori and Graves' disease suggests a possible role of this bacterium in the onset and/or the maintenance of the disease.

Cited by 40 publications

References 20 publications

Clinical Significance of Peripheral Blood T Lymphocyte Subsets inHelicobacter pylori-Infected Patients

Clinical Significance of Peripheral Blood T Lymphocyte Subsets inHelicobacter pylori-Infected Patients

Association between Helicobacter pylori Infection and Graves’ Disease: A Meta-Analysis

The risk factors for Graves’ ophthalmopathy

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