Hemiparesis post cerebral malaria

Taiaa, Oumkaltoum; Amil, T.; Darbi, Abdelatif

doi:10.11604/pamj.2015.20.1.5568

Cited by 37 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…For example, most of the participants in this study were farmers; this is unlikely in a more urbanized setting. Previous studies [ 9 , 12 ] reported employment as significant factors but we had limited variation in our employment categories because of our study setting. There is also a possibility of bias resulting from variable missingness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Central Africa, it was reported that the HBV prevalence was 4% [ 11 ]. HBV prevalence among women of reproductive age in Nigeria varies depending on the context of study settings, ranging from 7–12% in studies conducted across the country [ 12 – 18 ]. Overall, there is a paucity of HBV prevalence studies among women of reproductive age in West Africa, and inconsistent HBV prevalence reports in Nigerian studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sero-prevalence and determinants of Hepatitis B among a cohort of HIV-infected women of reproductive age in Nigeria

et al. 2020

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Introduction Sub-Saharan Africa houses over two-thirds of the 37 million people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) globally and of this, 5–20% are co-infected with Hepatitis B virus (HBV). This is double jeopardy, especially for women of reproductive age in these settings, who can transmit both viruses vertically as well as horizontally to their children. The objectives of this study were to investigate the prevalence and determinants of HBV among women of reproductive age living with HIV. Methods This was a cross-sectional study of HIV-infected women of reproductive age in Benue State, Nigeria. Participants were eligible for the study if they were HIV-infected women (ages 18–45 years) receiving care from any of the selected study sites. A global rapid hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) antibody test strip was used to test for HBsAg in plasma. A pretested questionnaire was used to collect data on sociodemographic, clinical and lifestyle characteristics of participants. We estimated prevalence of HBV infection and used multivariable logistic regression to determine factors associated with the infection at a significance level of <0.05. Results A total of 6577 women were screened for HBsAg. The prevalence of HBV was 10.3% (95% CI: 9.5–10.9%). Age, parity and male partner’s HIV status were found to be associated with having HBV infection. Compared to women older than 40 years, the odds of HBV infection increased significantly with increasing age until age 35 years and decreased significantly with increasing parity (versus no parity). Women with HIV-infected partners and those without a partner had higher odds of HBV infection compared to women with HIV-negative partners. Conclusion HBV is hyperendemic among HIV-infected women of reproductive age in North Central Nigeria. Specific programs targeting HBV testing, vaccination and treatment of all women of reproductive age need to be developed in this resource-limited, high-need setting.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sero-prevalence and determinants of Hepatitis B among a cohort of HIV-infected women of reproductive age in Nigeria

et al. 2020

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“…Personal Preference was the fore-most reason for career-selection. Eleven out of 18 participants either have a passion for ObGyn or for surgery, 6 ( Table-I , comment 1-4) while few liked the diversity of having medical and surgical component in ObGyn (Tabl-I, comment 4, 20). 7 This attitude towards surgery is highly motivational, most of our participants enjoy hand-on surgeries and found experiential learning highly effective.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

To be or not to be an Obstetrician/Gynaecologist

Ahmed

Ashar²

2020

Pak J Med Sci

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Objectives: This qualitative study aimed to explore motivational sources of physicians, at the time of selection and while pursuing ObGyn career. Secondary aim was to explore challenges and strategies adapted by these physicians to overcome these challenges. Methods: This is qualitative study with constrictive worldview. ObGyn residents and consultants of Aga Khan University, Karachi, were interviewed from July 2017 till Jan 2019, after ethical approval, using purposeful maximum variation sampling. Analysis were conducted by identifying keywords and phrases, these unedited verbatim with no assumptions provided basis for codes, which then clustered as trends. Emerging findings were discussed among authors and themes were finalized with consensus. Conclusion was formulated by linking these themes. Results: Four themes emerged were, ‘grounds for selecting ObGyn as career’, ‘Motivational Factors’, ‘Demotivating Factors’ and ‘Strategies to Cope with Challenges’. Results showed that aptitude and passion not only have pivotal role in career selection but also helped in pursuance. Personal fulfilment and hands-on experience satisfy emotional needs, while family and friends supported participants in maintaining work-life balance and in over-coming challenges. Conclusions: Considering personal preference and aptitude at the time of career selection helps in endurance and keep motivations high, while challenges in pursuance can be overcome by strong support system. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.6.3080 How to cite this:Ahmed I, Ashar A. To be or not to be an Obstetrician/Gynaecologist. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(6):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.6.3080 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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“…3,6 In adults, the spectrum of presentation includes: psychosis (4%), cerebellar ataxia (3%), extrapyramidal rigidity or hemiplegia. 40 The depth, duration of the coma and multiple seizures were factors for their development. 6 Cognitive difficulties, language and behavior problems have been documented in 24% of children after CM.…”

Section: Prognosticmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prevalence of these alterations in adults is not known. 6 Of the clinical spectrum, psychosis is the most common sequel described, also highlighting: 40 hemiplegia, cerebral palsy, blindness and cortical deafness, impairment of cognition and learning. 6,14 Among the rarest manifestations are cases of Gullain-Barre syndrome, cerebellar ataxia, extrapyramidal symptoms, trismus, peripheral neuropathy, isolated and cranial nerve palsy, nystagmus (vertical and horizontal), blindness due to vitreous hemorrhage and encephalomyelitis.…”

Section: Prognosticmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebral malaria

Valentim¹

2018

JNSK

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Malaria is one of the main public health problems in endemic areas, with 300 to 500million cases and 1 to 1.5million annual deaths. 4-5,11 It is the first cause of death, of parasitic origin in the entire world. 4 P. falciparum is responsible for 80% of fatal cases hospitalized in endemic areas 4 and neurological complications are found in 50% of children admitted to the hospital. 6 In 2013, an incidence of malaria was estimated to be around 198million cases worldwide and some 575,000 cases of CM were reported, with the African child population being the most affected, 11 with a mortality of 25-30%10. 12,000 cases are considered imported from Europe to Malaria, France being the country with the largest number, about 5,000 cases per year. 5 In one of the retrospective studies conducted in French intensive care centers, where 400 cases of imported severe malaria were received, a mortality of 10% was observed. 5 Imported malaria has an estimated mortality of 10-15%. 5 CM occurs in 2.4% of travelers with malaria to P. falciparum. 6,7 Etiology 1 Anopheles: The bite of the mosquito of the female Anopheles spp. Species infected with P. falciparum transmits the disease to the human being. 2,11 The importance of these vectors lies in being one of the objectives of the malaria control programs. 12 In the mosquito life cycle we distinguish 4 stages: egg, larva, chrysalis and adult. All these phases depend on temperature and nutritional factors, and there is a greater development if temperatures are high. 13 Plasmodium: Malaria is caused by a group of parasites belonging to the genus Plasmodium spp, 2,13 which are protozoa of the Sporozoa class, of the order Eucoccidiida and suborder Haemosporidiida. 13 There are more than 100 species, although only four of them are responsible for Malaria in the human: P. Ovale, P. Malariae, P. Falciparum and P. Vivax. 2,14 The latter two, being responsible for the majority of cases worldwide. 2,13 Within the species responsible for more complications, P. falciparum 4 stands out, with 1% of severe complications that culminated in multi-organ failure. 6,14 P. vivax is responsible for convulsions in children, and also for coma in children and adults. 6

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Hemiparesis post cerebral malaria

Cited by 37 publications

References 6 publications

Sero-prevalence and determinants of Hepatitis B among a cohort of HIV-infected women of reproductive age in Nigeria

Sero-prevalence and determinants of Hepatitis B among a cohort of HIV-infected women of reproductive age in Nigeria

To be or not to be an Obstetrician/Gynaecologist

Cerebral malaria

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