Haplotype network analysis of wild banana relatives Ensete glaucum, Musa acuminata and Musa balbisiana based on cpDNA rbcL sequences in ex-situ collection

Abstract

Conservation and genetic assessment of wild banana relatives is important for future breeding purposes. Haplotype network analysis was conducted to wild banana relatives comprised Ensete glaucum, Musa acuminata and Musa balbisianausing rbcL gene sequences. Sequences characterization showed high conservation level (91%), low indels (1.83%), and low parsimony informatives (3.51%). However, it was powerfull to separate the dataset at families, genera and species level; and moderately to separate at intraspecies level of wild bananas. Haplotype and nucleotide diversity of wild bananas were high. At intraspecies level, both M. acuminata and M. balbisiana showed high haplotype diversity but low nucelotide diversity among haplotypes; M. acuminata has higher value than M. balbisiana. No haplotype and nucleotide diversity in E. glaucum. Wild bananas were separated into seven haplotypes, with four haplogroups. Mutational pathway revealed that E. glaucum haplotype became root; and was closely related to M. balbisiana than M. acuminata. M. acuminata var. malaccensis haplotype became root within all M. acuminata varieties, and each haplotype differed by single point mutation.

Short Communication: Analysis of simple sequence repeats variations for the assessment of genotypic diversity in Centella asiatica (L.) Urb.

“…GC-CGCCTCTCTCTCTCTCTCTCTCTCCC------CATTAAGTT The haplotype network analysis is useful to describe the relationship between haplotypes or DNA sequences in a population (intrapopulation) or among populations within a particular species (intraspecies) as mentioned by Teacher and Griffiths (2011) and Paradis (2018). The application of haplotype networks for analyzing genetic diversity in plant populations within one species and for visualizing genealogical relationships at the intraspecies level was noted by Hapsari et al (2020). Haplotype network analysis based on SSR by Kongjaimun et al (2023) is reported to be useful in tracing the origins and history of Lablab purpureus domestication.…”

Morphological Characterization and Seed Germination Study of Wild Banana <i>Musa acuminata</i> var. <i>flava</i> (Ridl.) Nasution

“…Considering the time limit during the collecting mission or fieldwork, it is also important to take plenty of photographic documentation of various plant parts, populations and surrounding habitats for further identification and supporting information. Molecular analysis is also required for more advanced study to confirm genetic fidelity by taking leaf samples of each distinctive specimen or population (Hapsari et al 2020). In addition, since wild bananas can be both propagated generatively and vegetatively, collectors should collect both seeds and suckers to complement each other for ex-situ conservation effort.…”

“…Nonetheless, they have been under considerable threats due to habitat destruction, fragmentation and conversion of tropical forests, and other anthropogenic disturbances. Therefore, it is important to prioritize the collection, effective conservation, improving the availability, and providing related studies of wild bananas for use in further banana improvement (Heslop-Harrison 2011;Ford-Lloyd et al 2011;Hapsari et al 2020).…”

“…At least 103 accessions and 197 specimens, consisting of eight wild species and 95 cultivars, have been successfully collected (Hapsari 2014). Furthermore, recent publication reported that PBG has collected wild bananas comprised of three accessions of Ensete glaucum, three accessions of M. balbisiana and seven accessions of M. acuminata variety (Hapsari et al 2020).…”