Dioscorea spp. is local tuberous food crop that has potential as alternative food source to support food security program in Indonesia. Exploration study and collecting mission subjected to Dioscorea spp. have been conducted in Nganjuk Regency. The study was aimed to 1) determine the distribution of Dioscorea spp. in Nganjuk, 2) to characterize tuber's morphological characteristic, and 3) to know how tuber's utilization by local peoples. The results showed that there were 4 species of Dioscorea found in Nganjuk. They are Dioscorea alata L, Dioscorea esculenta (Lour.) Burkill, Dioscorea hispida Dennst and Dioscorea bulbifera L. Dioscorea alata (uwi) is the most cultivated by farmers in Nganjuk. It has the largest cultivar numbers which consists of 11 cultivars. Dioscorea esculenta (gembili) consists of 3 cultivars and Dioscorea hispida (gadung) consists of 4 cultivars, whereas Dioscorea bulbifera (uwi gantung) consists only 1 cultivar in one location. Farmers and local peoples play important role in conservation of Dioscorea in Nganjuk region by cultivating and utilizing it as alternative food source for home consumption.

Abstract. Trimanto, Hapsari L. 2016. Botanical survey in thirteen montane forests of Bawean Island Nature Reserve, East Java Indonesia: Conservation status,. Bawean Island which located between Borneo and Java islands possessed unique and distinctive abiotic and biotic resources. Botanical survey has been conducted in Bawean Island Nature Reserve. This paper reported the results of inventory study of plant bioresources in 13 montane forests of Bawean Island, discussed their conservation status, bioprospecting on some wild plant species and potential development subjected to some conservation areas. Inventory results in montane forests showed that it was registered about 432 plant species under 286 genera and 103 families; comprised of 14 growth habits in which tree plants were the most dominant with about 237 species. Conservation status evaluation showed that there are at least 33 species of plants included in IUCN list comprised of 30 species categorized as least concern and 3 species considered at higher risk of extinction i.e. Podocarpus rumphii (Near Threatened); Pterocarpus indicus and Memecylon myrtilloides (Vulnerable). Bioprospecting results showed that 10 tuberous plants prospected as food sources; 19 woody plants prospected as timber sources, and 28 plants prospected as ornamental plants. There are at least 7 invasive alien plant species identified including Ageratum conyzoides, Chromolaena odorata, Eupatorium inulifolium, Lantana camara, Imperata cylindrica, Stachytarpheta jamaicensis and Themeda arguens. If well managed, the development of Bawean Island as nature-based and eco-tourism may contribute both to biodiversity conservation and alleviating prosperity of the local residents.

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This research was conducted to gather basic information to support recovery coal mining area with study of flora biodiversity. Plants inventory were conducted explorative in Besiq Bermai forest. Some observations were conducted on plants as integral part of the documentation process. The result showed that there are 203 numbers of plant. They consist of 51 families of flora collection to be conserved in Purwodadi Botanic Garden. There are 53 species of orchid that collected from this forest, including of rare species and endemic orchid. There are 70 numbers of 1000 specimen floras to be collected in Nursery of coal mining to be used in reclamation program. There are 20 species of flora that be conserved because it is threatened species that based on IUCN. Ten species can be chosen to become pioneer species in reclamation of coal mining area. Biodiversity concept can be used in reclamation of post mining area. Prospective conservation area that called Arboretum is provided for in-situ conservation program. Some practical considerations are suggested for future reclamation projects.

Trimanto, Hapsari L. 2018. Short communication: A new record of Etlingera megalocheilos (Griff.) A.D. Poulsen(Zingiberaceae) in Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 1227-1235. A through morphological examination has been conducted to aliving specimen of Zingiberaceae collection of Purwodadi Botanic Garden, East Java which was collected from Pangi Binangga NatureReserve, Central Sulawesi. The result showed that the characters of the species match very well with the description of Etlingeramegalocheilos. The distribution of E. megalocheilos was previously reported to occur only in Sundaland includes Peninsular Malaysia,Singapore, Sumatra, Java, and Borneo. Thus, E. megalocheilos is a newly recorded species in Sulawesi; and confirmed that itsdistribution record now has expanded to Wallacea. The key morphological characters of E. megalocheilos are labellum hourglassshaped,dull red or red to orange-red with the yellow margin, the anther is not covered by the corolla lobe, and have slightly angledfilament. Detailed descriptions, photographs, and notes of the species are presented in this paper. Due to its high potential medicinalproperties, further bioprospecting studies are necessary to conduct.

Curcuma is a genus of family Zingiberaceae. Its rhizomes, as well as leaves, have long been used in the traditional medicine. This research aimed to examine the morphological and anatomical structure as well as the primary and secondary metabolites of Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb, Curcuma longa L, and Curcuma heyneana Valeton & Zijp. The Anatomical structure, histochemical test and secretory cell density were observed microscopically. The Histochemical test consisted of amilum, protein, lipid, tanin, alkaloid dan flavonoid tests. Observation of anatomical structures of the of rhizome showed that starch grains has a medium size and shape of starch was oval. Rhizomes of Curcuma longa and C. aeruginosa had a positive correlation for starch, protein, lipids, alkaloids, flavonoids and tannins. C. heyneana has the highest density value on protein while C. longa has the highest density value on lipids, alkaloids, flavonoids and tannins.

Abstract. Hapsari L, Trimanto, Budiharta S. 2020. Spontaneous plant recolonization on reclaimed post-coal mining sites in East Kalimantan, Indonesia: Native versus alien and succession progress. Biodiversitas 21: 2003-2017. Comparative vegetation analyses subjected to recolonization of spontaneous plants were carried out in two post-coal mining reclamation sites, with different ages of reclamation, specifically 9 years old and 17 years old, in Bontang, East Kalimantan. This study aims to determine the spontaneous plant diversity and composition, identify the spontaneous alien plant species invasion (IAS), analyze the underlying micro-climates and soil factors and their association to the spontaneous plant recolonization, also to evaluate the succession progress. Results showed that both reclamation sites have undergone some vegetation and environmental improvements. The plant succession stage of both sites was identified at the same stage, as establishment phase of early-succession stage in transition to mid-succession stage. The spontaneous plants were comprised of two layers, i.e. (i) understories include grasses, ferns, lianas, herbs, shrubs and tree seedlings; and (ii) saplings include some of trees and small trees. Plant diversity indices on both sites were in moderate category. At understory layer, the 9-y.o. site was mostly dominated by grass Polytrias indica, whereas the 17-y.o. site was dominated by shrub Asystasia gangetica. At sapling layer, the 9-y.o. site was mostly dominated by Glochidion obscurum, whereas the 17-y.o. site was dominated by Macaranga tanarius. Dominant pioneer tree and shrub species in two reclamation sites mostly from general species component of secondary tropical forests from the families Euphorbiaceae, Phyllantaceae, Melastomaceae, Leguminosae, and Lamiaceae. It was recorded seven IAS in the 9-y.o. site, which six out of seven species were dominant. Meanwhile, in the 17-y.o. site was recorded eight IAS but only four species were dominant. Two dominant noxious weed species were also identified. Each IAS and noxious weed species has invasiveness traits that make them well-grown, successfully recolonized and invaded the reclamation site. Environmental factors include air temperature, air moisture, and light intensity; and soil conditions include pH, C/N ratio and physicochemical properties affected the variation of spontaneous plant establishment on each reclamation site. These comparative study findings may become inputs for coal mining operations management to evaluate and improve their reclamation program; such as by soil reconditions, controlling the populations of IAS, and planting more intensively of native tree species.

Bawean Island has attractive biodiversity and natures that are potential for development. The present study was aimed to investigate (i) the potential of Bawean Island's natural resources for ecotourism (ii) local knowledge of Bawean people on plant diversity and uses, and (iii) the potential of plants for commodities supporting ecotourism development. The potential of Bawean Island for ecotourism was examined based on data of attractive natural environments, while the local knowledge was obtained by interviewing Bawean people and observation of the daily practical use of plants. Various plants were analysed for their potential as commodities suppporting ecotourism. The results showed that Bawean Island has high potential resources for ecotourism. It is ranging from beaches, mountains, rivers, plant diversity, and endemic animals. The local knowledge showed that Bawean has plant diversity with various potential uses. There were 81 plant species traditionally used by Bawean people, including plants for foods (40 species), ornamental plants (15 species), timbers for housings and buildings (9 species), medicines (8 species), natural dyes (4 species), and other uses (5 species). Various plant species potential as the commodity supporting ecotourism development included Abelmoschus manihot (traditional food), Diospyros discolor (fresh local fruit), Nypa fruticans and Pandanus tectorius (local handicrafts), Phalaenopsis amabilis (ornamental plants or cutting flowers). The use of plants in Bawean Island needs to consider the sustainable use of plants and conservation approaches.