Growth, electronic properties and applications of nanodiamond

Williams, Oliver A.; Nesládek, Miloš; Daenen, Michaël; Michaelson, Sh.; Hoffman, A.; Ōsawa, Eiji; Haenen, Ken; Jackman, Richard B.

doi:10.1016/j.diamond.2008.01.103

Cited by 304 publications

(228 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…29,31 This is done for both B-doped NCD and microcrystalline diamond (MCD) films, as the latter have a larger average grain size and hence fewer grain boundaries. 42 Based on the experimental observations, a graphical scheme is proposed that includes an atomistic view of the wear mechanism of B-doped diamond surfaces. The main novelty of this work is the systematic variation of B-content in a variety of diamond film types and thus contributes to a better understanding of the tribological properties and specifically the wear behavior of electrically conductive diamond films according to their B-doping level and grain size.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Boron Doping on the Wear Behavior of the Growth and Nucleation Surfaces of Micro- and Nanocrystalline Diamond Films

Buijnsters

Tsigkourakos

Hantschel

et al. 2016

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Effect of boron doping on the wear behavior of the growth and nucleation surfaces of micro-and nanocrystalline diamond films Buijnsters CopyrightOther than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download, forward or distribute the text or part of it, without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license such as Creative Commons. Takedown policyPlease contact us and provide details if you believe this document breaches copyrights. We will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. ABSTRACT: B-doped diamond has become the ultimate material for applications in the field of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), which require both highly wear resistant and electrically conductive diamond films and microstructures. Despite the extensive research of the tribological properties of undoped diamond, to date there is very limited knowledge of the wear properties of highly B-doped diamond. Therefore, in this work a comprehensive investigation of the wear behavior of highly B-doped diamond is presented. Reciprocating sliding tests are performed on micro-and nanocrystalline diamond (MCD, NCD) films with varying B-doping levels and thicknesses. We demonstrate a linear dependency of the wear rate of the different diamond films with the B-doping level. Specifically, the wear rate increases by a factor of 3 between NCD films with 0.6 and 2.8 at. % B-doping levels. This increase in the wear rate can be linked to a 50% decrease in both hardness and elastic modulus of the highly B-doped NCD films, as determined by nanoindentation measurements. Moreover, we show that fine-grained diamond films are more prone to wear. Particularly, NCD films with a 3× smaller grain size but similar B-doping levels exhibit a double wear rate, indicating the crucial role of the grain size on the diamond film wear behavior. On the other hand, MCD films are the most wear-resistant films due to their larger grains and lower B-doping levels. We propose a graphical scheme of the wear behavior which involves planarization and mechanochemically driven amorphization of the surface to describe the wear mechanism of B-doped diamond films. Finally, the wear behavior of the nucleation surface of NCD films is investigated for the first time. In particular, the nucleation surface is shown to be susceptible to higher wear compared to the growth surface due to its higher grain boundary line density.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Boron Doping on the Wear Behavior of the Growth and Nucleation Surfaces of Micro- and Nanocrystalline Diamond Films

Buijnsters

Tsigkourakos

Hantschel

et al. 2016

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…In addition, all films were doped with boron by adding trimethylboron (TMB) to the gas mixture in a ~ 6500 ppm [TMB]/[H 2 ] ratio. This concentration leads to a large boron incorporation, leading to metallic-like conduction 7 and even superconductivity when cooled sufficiently. 8 To study the influence of the film thickness the deposition time of film 2-70406 (100 minutes) was 5 times higher than that of 2-70313 (20 minutes).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conductivity values can be tuned within 11 orders of magnitude, with values ranging between 1 x10 -9 Ω-1 cm -1 and 100 Ω -1 cm -1 . 7 The latter films show a metallic conductivity behavior, even turning superconducting when cooled down to sufficient low temperature (~3K). 8 Spectroscopic Ellipsometry (SE) is a non-destructive optical method which measures the complex ratio R of the Fresnel reflection coefficients of particular directions polarized light (r p , r s ) and reports the ratio in terms of the ellipsometric angles Ψ and ∆ defined by the equation: 9…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical properties of heavily boron-doped nanocrystalline diamond films studied by spectroscopic ellipsometry

Zimmer

Williams

Haenen

et al. 2008

Applied Physics Letters

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The optical properties of heavily boron-doped nanocrystalline diamond films grown by microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition on silicon substrates are presented. The diamond films are characterized by spectroscopic ellipsometry within the mid-infrared, visible and near-ultraviolet regions. The ellipsometric spectra are also found to be best described by a four-phase model yielding access to the optical constants which are found distinct from previous nanocrystalline diamond literature values. The presence of a subgap absorption yielding high extinction coefficient values defined clearly the boron incorporated films in comparison to both undoped and composite films, while refractive index values are relatively comparable.

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“…1 One of the most intensively investigated areas of diamond research is the generation of optically active defect centers with unique properties, that can be used in numerous applications of optoelectronics, quantum computing, magnetometry, nanobiology, and medicine. [2][3][4] However, the practical applications put some requirements to these centers in terms of, for example, intensive and stable light emission at room temperature (NV 0 , SiV centers), narrow zero phonon line (ZPL) (SiV), one photon emission (NV, NE8, SiV), or paramagnetic properties (NV À , N3).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…He þ ion implantation into nanosized diamond "layer" was performed with the aim of creating carbon atom vacancies in the diamond structure, followed by the introduction of molecular N 2 þ ion and heat treatment in vacuum at 750 C to initiate vacancy diffusion. To decrease the sp 2 carbon content of nanosized diamond formed during the implantation processes, a further heat treatment at 450 C in flowing air atmosphere was used. The modification of the bonding properties after each step of defect creation was monitored by Raman scattering measurements.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Creation of deep blue light emitting nitrogen-vacancy center in nanosized diamond

et al. 2014

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Growth, electronic properties and applications of nanodiamond

Cited by 304 publications

References 75 publications

Effect of Boron Doping on the Wear Behavior of the Growth and Nucleation Surfaces of Micro- and Nanocrystalline Diamond Films

Effect of Boron Doping on the Wear Behavior of the Growth and Nucleation Surfaces of Micro- and Nanocrystalline Diamond Films

Optical properties of heavily boron-doped nanocrystalline diamond films studied by spectroscopic ellipsometry

Creation of deep blue light emitting nitrogen-vacancy center in nanosized diamond

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