Growth and viability of juvenile humpback grouper (Cromileptes altivelis) supplemented with inorganic and organic selenium

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This study aimed to evaluate the effect of organic selenium supplementation on diet with different protein levels on the growth performance and protein utilization of African catfish juvenile. A randomized 2×3 factorial design with two dietary protein levels (27% and 32%) and three dietary selenium (Se) supplementation levels (0 mg/kg, 3 mg/kg, and 6 mg/kg diet) in triplicates were applied in the study. African catfish juvenile with an initial average body weight and body length of 27.00 ± 0.14 g and 15.0 ± 0.5 cm, respectively, was reared in 18 units of aquarium (141 L) at a density of 142 fish/m3 for a rearing period of 40 days. Increasing organic Se supplementation level up to 6 mg/kg at high protein feed resulted in higher fish growth and final biomass, lower FCR, and higher protein utilization efficiency than those of other treatments. Furthermore, supplementation of organic Se also resulted in lower lipid and higher Se concentrations in the fish body as well as higher blood protein level compared to those of the control. In conclusion, the result of this study suggested that dietary supplementation of organic Se up to 6 mg/kg could enhance the growth and protein utilization in African catfish fed with both low and high protein diet. Keywords: African catfish, growth, dietary protein, protein utilization, organic selenium. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi pengaruh suplementasi selenium organik pada pakan dengan kadar protein yang berbeda terhadap kinerja pertumbuhan dan pemanfaatan protein pakan ikan lele Clarias gariepenus. Penelitian didesain menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial 2×3 dengan dua tingkat protein pakan (27% dan 32%) dan tiga tingkat suplementasi selenium (Se) pakan (0 mg/kg, 3 mg/kg, dan 6 mg/kg diet) sebanyak tiga ulangan. Ikan lele yang digunakan memiliki bobot awal rata-rata dan panjang tubuh 27 ± 0.14 g dan 15.0 ± 0.5 cm, dipelihara dalam 18 unit akuarium (141 L) dengan kepadatan 142 ekor/m3 selama 40 hari pemeliharaan. Peningkatan suplementasi Se organik hingga 6 mg/kg pada ikan yang diberi pakan protein tinggi menghasilkan kinerja pertumbuhan ikan dan biomassa akhir yang lebih tinggi, FCR yang lebih rendah, dan efisiensi pemanfaatan protein pakan yang lebih tinggi daripada perlakuan lain. Selain itu, suplementasi Se organik juga menghasilkan kadar lemak yang lebih rendah dan konsentrasi Se tubuh yang lebih tinggi serta kadar protein darah yang lebih tinggi. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu suplementasi Se organik pada pakan hingga 6 mg/kg dapat meningkatkan kinerja pertumbuhan dan pemanfaatan protein pakan pada ikan lele yang diberi pakan dengan kadar protein rendah dan tinggi. Kata kunci: ikan lele, pertumbuhan, protein pakan, pemanfaatan protein, selenium organik.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary supplementation of organic selenium to improve growth performance and protein utilization in African catfish fed with different protein level diets

Darmawangsa¹,

Suprayudi²,

Utomo³

et al. 2021

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“…Pro-oxidants produce free radicals (superoxides, hydroperoxides, and others) that can react with surrounding molecules such as proteins, fats, carbohydrates and DNA. The formation of free radicals will be neutralized by normal endogenous antioxidants, but if excessive it will cause oxidative stress that ultimately leads to local damage, organ dysfunction and death in fish (Hamzah et al, 2012a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The supplementation of selenium to increase the growth rate and survival rate of the fish has been investigated by Hamzah et al (2012a) and Suprayudi et al (2013). Hamzah et al (2012a) reported that the supplementation of organic selenium to juvenile humpback grouper at 4 g Se/kg of feed resulted greater protein retention compared to other treatments. Furthermore, another study also showed increasing selenium supplementation to a certain level resulted a positive correlation with protein retention (Ilham et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of protein sparing effect in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fed with organic selenium supplemented diet

Pattipeilohy

Suprayudi

Setiawati

et al. 2020

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ABSTRACT The objective of this research was to determine the optimum level of organic selenium supplementation in improving the growth performance of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fed with diet containing low protein level. Basal diet was formulated to contain 28% protein with three different levels of organic selenium supplementation, namely 0 (control), 3, and 6 mg Se/kg feed. Furthermore, to evaluate selenium function on protein utilization and sparring effect, a diet with 30% of protein content was also used as a comparison. In this regard, this study was conducted using a completely randomized experimental design with four treatments and three replications. Nile tilapia with an average body weight of 8.05 ± 0.25 g were reared in the 100×50×50 cm3 aquarium at a density of 15 fish/aquarium. The experimental fish were reared for 60 days and fed three times daily to apparent satiation levels. Dietary supplementation of organic Se resulted in higher fish biomass, lower feed conversion ratio, higher protein retention and daily growth rate compared to the control diets with 28% and 30% protein levels. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of organic Se at 3 mg organic Se/kg feed could significantly increase protein utilization and improve the growth performance of Nile tilapia. Keywords: tilapia, protein sparing effect, organic selenium, feed ABSTRAK Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menentukan tingkat suplementasi selenium organic pada pakan untuk meningkatkan kinerja pertumbuhan ikan nila Oreochromis niloticus. Pakan basal diformulasikan mengandung 28% protein dengan tiga tingkat selenium organik yaitu 0 (kontrol), 3, dan 6 mg Se/kg pakan. Selanjutnya untuk mengevaluasi penggunaan selenium pada pemanfaatan protein dan efek sparring, pakan dengan 30% protein juga ditambahkan sebagai perlakuan pembanding. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan empat perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Ikan nila dengan bobot rata-rata adalah 8.05 ± 0.25 g dipelihara dalam akuarium 100 × 50 × 50 cm3 dengan kepadatan 15 ikan/akuarium. Ikan dipelihara selama 60 hari dan diberi pakan tiga kali sehari secara at satiation. Pemberian pakan dengan suplementasi Se organic menghasilkan biomassa ikan yang lebih tinggi, rasio konversi pakan yang lebih rendah, retensi protein dan laju pertumbuhan harian yang lebih tinggi daripada perlakuan control dengan kadar protein 28% dan 30%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa suplemtasi pakan ikan nila dengan 3 mg Se organik/kg pakan dapat meningkatkan pemanfaatan protein pakan dan kinerja pertumbuhan ikan Nila. Kata kunci: ikan nila, protein sparing effect, selenium organik, pakan.

“…Stress conditions in fish can lead to decreasing immune systems and antioxidants, causing them to be vulnerable (Tang et al, 2018). In addition, selenium is also an integral part of the enzyme glutathione peroxidase (GPx) which plays a role in the cellular defense process against oxidative damage to the cytoplasmic structure (Hamzah et al, 2012). There are two types of selenium, namely organic and inorganic selenium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The biopeptides also have various functional roles, such as antihypertensive, antioxidant, and antimicrobial (Tamam et al, 2018). The effects of the dietary organic selenium have been studied on several aquaculture organisms, including tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Suprayudi et al, 2013), humpback grouper Cromileptes altivelis (Hamzah et al, 2012), juvenile abalone Haliotis discus hannai Ino (Wang et al, 2012), white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Kemal et al, 2023), and juvenile catfish Clarias gariepinus (Kemal, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Selenium Peptide Supplementation for Increasing the Growth of African Catfish Clarias gariepinus

Suprayudi

Amanullah

Jusadi

et al. 2023

Selenium is an essential micromineral needed in small amounts in the body, but affects themetabolism and health of aquaculture organisms. This study aimed to analyze the growth of catfish(Clarias gariepinus) supplemented with selenium peptide through the coating method on feed. Therewere four different treatments, namely K (feed without selenium peptide), A (feed with seleniumpeptide of 3 g kg-1feed), B (feed with selenium peptide of 6 g kg-1feed), and C (feed with seleniumpeptide of 9 g kg-1feed). A total of 15 catfish with weight of 21.80 ± 0.29 g were kept in an aquariumat dimension of 90 x 40 x 45 cm3filled with water at a depth of 35 cm (Volume of 108 L) for 45 days.Fish were fed three times a day at satiation. Water quality management was carried out by the use ofsimple filtration in the container and water replacement to ensure optimum water quality values forcatfish growth. The results showed that the growth performance parameters (final biomass, finalindividual weight, survival rate, and daily growth rate) of catfish fed with selenium peptide weresignificantly different (p<0.05) from catfish fed without selenium peptide. Based on this study, thebest dose of feed additive in catfish feed was 3 g kg-1of feed.Keyword: Clarias gariepinus, selenium peptide, growthABSTRAKSelenium termasuk ke dalam mikromineral esensial yang dibutuhkan dalam jumlah sedikit padatubuh, akan tetapi mampu berpengaruh terhadap metabolisme dan kesehatan organisme akuakultur.Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pertumbuhan ikan lele (Clarias gariepinus) yang ditambahselenium peptida melalui metode coating pada pakan. Terdapat empat perlakuan berbeda, yaitu K(pakan tanpa selenium peptida), A (pakan dengan selenium peptida 3 g kg-1pakan), B (pakan denganselenium peptida 6 g kg-1pakan), dan C (pakan dengan selenium peptida 9 g kg-1pakan). Ikan leleukuran 21,80 ± 0,29 g sebanyak 15 ekor dipelihara dalam akuarium berukuran 90 x 40 x 45 cm dengankedalaman air 35 cm (Volume 108 L) selama 45 hari. Ikan diberi pakan tiga kali sehari secara atsatiation. Pengelolaan kualitas air dilakukan dengan cara penggunaan filtrasi sederhana pada wadahdan penggantian air untuk memastikan nilai-nilai kualitas air optimum untuk pertumbuhan ikan lele.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa parameter kinerja pertumbuhan (biomassa akhir, bobot individuakhir, tingkat kelangsungan hidup, dan laju pertumbuhan harian) ikan lele yang diberi pakan denganselenium peptida menunjukkan berbeda nyata (p<0,05) terhadap ikan lele yang diberi pakan tanpaselenium peptida. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, dosis terbaik dalam penggunaan selenium peptida padapakan ikan lele, yaitu 3 g kg-1pakan.Keyword: Clarias gariepinus, pertumbuhan, selenium peptida