Graphene quantum dots (GQDs)-based nanomaterials for improving photodynamic therapy in cancer treatment

Synthesis, Properties, and Biological Applications of Metallic Alloy Nanoparticles

“…With surface modification using tumor recognized molecules and drugs, quantum dots can move to target tumors and act as a supporting energetic agent in photodynamic therapy, a method that combines light and photosensitizers to generate oxygen species and promote tumor suppression [ 254 , 260 , 261 , 262 ]. Quantum dots are frequently used in a complex like with graphene and photosensitizer such as chlorin e6 [ 261 , 263 ]. Martinenko et al reported that the complex ZnSe/ZnS quantum dots with chlorin e6 showed two-fold enhancement of photodynamic destruction in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells compared to that with free chlorin e6 molecules, and approximately 50% fluorescence resonance energy transfer from QDs to the chlorin e6 molecules [ 264 ].…”

Organic dots (O-dots) for theranostic applications: preparation and surface engineering

“…Recently, Wen et al conrmed this hypothesis. 367,368 The combination of GQDs and methylene blue (MB) to destroy pathogenic bacteria by enhancing light-mediated 1 O 2 generation was reported by Monroe and co-workers. Moreover, their group also measured the ability of GQDS, MB and other GQD-MB combinations to kill MCF-7 breast cancer cells.…”

Carbon Based Nanodots in Early Diagnosis of Cancer

“…Because of their intrinsic fluorescence, GQDs are ideal for anti-cancer therapy, permitting effective tracking of cells in vitro ( Dong et al, 2018 ; Zhang et al, 2018 ; Kortel et al, 2020 ; Iannazzo et al, 2021 ). GQDs also increase efficiency of anticancer drugs (Fan et al, 2019 ; Nasrollahi et al, 2019 ). GQDs are widely used for bioimaging, due to low cytotoxicity and strong optical absorption ( Kumar et al, 2020 ).…”