Exploring the intention of out-of-home activities participation during new normal conditions in Indonesian cities

Abstract

The present study will be the first to examine the participation intention of physical activities if new normal conditions are implemented in Indonesia. Socio-economic and household factors, spatial characteristics, perception of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), and the virtual activities behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic were explored to understand the magnitude of respondents' intention to undertake out-of-home activities during new normal conditions. Based on a questionnaire survey, the study, with 834 respondents, was conducted in the middle to the end of May 2020. By applying the ordered logit model, the model results revealed that younger people tend to participate more in maintenance activities of shopping and outside eating and leisure activities of recreation and social. Meanwhile, the factor of gender, income, and education level had no significant impact on participation intention of mandatory, maintenance, and leisure activities. Excluding non-grocery shopping, there was also no significant difference in activity participation intention between people living in the Greater Jakarta as epicentrum of COVID-19 in Indonesia and people living outside the Greater Jakarta. Furthermore, people living in a household with a high number of motorcycle and car ownership had a greater propensity to pursue outside eating activity. The activity behaviour change from physical to virtual activity participation during new normal conditions could not be replaced by the experience of virtual activities, including e-working, e-learning, non-grocery e-shopping, food delivery, and movie streaming during the pandemic. Finally, some policies are proposed to control activity participation during the new normal period to minimise the virus spread in Indonesia.

Impacts of COVID-19 on transportation: Summary and synthesis of interdisciplinary research

“…Social distancing, mask wearing and compliance with protective actions are also more limited in countries like Ghana ( Dzisi and Dei, 2020 ). Socioeconomic and household factors including motor vehicle or motorcycle ownership as well as the presence of virtual services such as e-commerce, home delivery, ridesharing and other technological factors affect behavior in Jakarta as in wealthier countries ( Irawan et al, 2020 ). In countries such as India, government-imposed lockdowns created urgent need to transport stranded migrant workers back to hometown locations ( Maji et al, 2020 ).…”

“…Many researchers have been investigating longer-term changes and adjustments to a new normal – whether in Jakarta ( Irawanet al, 2020 ) or Chicago (Shamshiripour et. al.)…”

Community Movement in Dealing with Covid-19: Case Study of Indonesia

“…Many people consider new normal as a normal condition in which people are allowed to do everything without following the health procedure. In fact, in many public spaces such as traditional market, terminal, airport, public transportation, and shopping mall many people do not wear mask and not even avoid crowded [9]. Many local governments enforce this stipulation by imposing variety of sanction such as a fine from US$3.5 to US$17.2 doing cleaning at the yard of police office, doing push up or confiscate their identity card.…”

“…Through CI, various community problems can be resolved relatively well. CI's success is inseparable from the existence of partnerships [7], innovation [9], leadership [9][5] and effective leading [7], and the local environment [7] which are the key elements in CI.…”

Pickles: Independent Biology Practicum Diffusion and Material Osmosis On the Concept of Substance Transport during the Pandemic Period

“…The large-scale limitation policy was then regulated in the Minister of Health regulation no 9 of 2020. This policy restricts the movement of citizens, public transportation, private vehicles, schools, workplaces, restrictions on religious activities, social restrictions, and cultural activities that lead to mass gatherings (Irawan, Rizki, Joewono, & Belgiawan, 2020). Based on UNESCO data for 2020, the coronavirus has affected more than 900 million students worldwide (Demuyakor, 2020).…”