EFFICIENT SOLVENT-FREE MICROWAVE-ASSISTED ESTERIFICATION OF FUSEL OIL USING p-TsOH AND H₃PW₁₂O₄₀ AS CATALYSTS

Nonthermal Effects of Microwaves in Organic Synthesis

“…20) [73]. The synthesis of isopentyl stearate has been performed using both microwave irradiation and conventional heating under solvent-free conditions (Eq.…”

Solvent-free reactions as green chemistry procedures for the synthesis of cosmetic fatty esters

“…Several reports refer to the use of p-toluenesulfonic acid (PTSA), sulfonated resins, zeolites, zirconium oxide or supported acids and polymers, as useful catalysts in nonconventional techniques for esterification reactions [1][2][3][4] Taking into account that the most common procedures require large amounts of organic solvents, the presence of strong acidic reagents, long reaction times and complex work-up, the aim of this work was to study more ecological and economic conditions, as green chemistry procedures, for the synthesis of these widespread ingredients with special interest focused on solvent-free methodologies. [5][6][7][8] It is well known that, in organic synthesis, avoiding the solvent leads to enhanced yields, milder conditions, increased safety and cost reduction. 9 In previous works, we reported the synthesis in dry media of some compounds interesting as potential cosmetic ingredients.…”