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In this review, we report the advantages of dry reaction techniques coupled with focused microwave activation and their applications to organic synthesis using acidic and basic supports, and enzymatic or phase-transfer catalysis.

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This paper describes the chemical functionalization of hydrogen-terminated porous silicon surfaces with simple and functional 1-alkenes under microwave irradiation to give organic monolayers covalently attached to the surface through Si−C bonds. Using microwaves as a source of energy led to a remarkable increase in the rate of the hydrosilylation reaction and a higher surface coverage. This technique yields highly stable organic monolayers and allows the introduction of different functional groups on the surface (acid and ester) required for immobilization of more complex structures on the surface.

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Typical applications of solvent-free conditions and microwave activation are described. Non-purely thermal specific effects are evidenced and discussed in terms of reaction medium and mechanisms, taking into account the variations in polarity of the systems.

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