Solvent-free reactions as green chemistry procedures for the synthesis of cosmetic fatty esters

Selective Synthesis Under Microwave Irradiation of Carbohydrate Derivatives Containing Unsaturated Systems

“…As far as we know, such a process is only de-scribed for the esterification of alkyl halides with aromatic or saturated carboxylic acids. [20,22] The work presented here extends the methodology to sugar bromides under MW irradiation.…”

“…These sugars underwent esterification by the reaction of the corresponding bromides with three different unsaturated carboxylic acids: methacrylic acid (20), trans-crotonic acid (21) and trans-cinnamic acid (22), see Figure 1. The sugar bromides 23-28 were prepared by known procedures ( Figure 2).…”

“…The procedure reported in the literature [20,22] involves the reaction of an alkylating agent with a carboxylate prepared in situ from the corresponding carboxylic acid and a base (Scheme 2). As far as we know, such a process is only de-scribed for the esterification of alkyl halides with aromatic or saturated carboxylic acids.…”

“…[17][18][19] Esters are classically prepared either by the esterification of carboxylic acids with alcohols using acidic catalysis, by transesterification or by alkylation of carboxylate anions. [20][21][22] This latter method is now applied to sugar bromides by reaction with unsaturated carboxylates prepared in situ from the corresponding carboxylic acid and a suitable base.…”

Quaternary Ammonium and Phosphonium Ionic Liquids in Chemical and Environmental Engineering

“…Whereas the use of Aliquat 336 as a phase transfer catalyst is widespread and extensively investigated (e.g. Baidossi et al, 1997;Villa et al, 2003;Rup et al, 2009), phosphonium ILs have only recently been investigated for this application. Yadav & Tekale (2010) evaluated the ILs [P 6,6,6,14 ][Cl], [P 6,6,6,14 ][Br], [P 6,6,6,14 ][decanoate], and [P 6,6,6,14 ][PF 6 ] as phase transfer catalysts for selective Oalkylation of 2-naphthol.…”