Dietary Phytogenic Extracts Favorably Influence Productivity, Egg Quality, Blood Constituents, Antioxidant and Immunological Parameters of Laying Hens: A Meta-Analysis

Abstract

The present study aimed to assess the impact of dietary phytogenic extracts on laying hen productivity, egg quality, blood constituents, antioxidant, and immunological parameters through a meta-analytical approach. A total of 28 articles (119 data points) reporting the influence of dietary phytogenic extracts on the productive performance, egg quality, blood constituents, immunological, and antioxidant parameters of laying hens were embedded into a database. Statistical analysis was performed using a mixed model, with different studies treated as random effects and phytogenic extract levels treated as fixed effects. This meta-analysis revealed that dietary phytogenic extracts quadratically (p < 0.05) improved egg production and egg mass as well as decreased (p < 0.05) the feed conversion ratio (FCR) with no adverse effect on egg weight and egg quality. Feed intake and egg yolk percentage tended to increase linearly (p < 0.1). Total serum cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) declined quadratically (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) increased linearly (p < 0.001), and malondialdehyde (MDA) decreased linearly (p < 0.01), with increasing levels of dietary phytogenic extract. In addition, immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin A (IgA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and total superoxide dismutase (TSOD) increased linearly (p < 0.05) in line with the increase in dietary phytogenic extract level. It was concluded that the inclusion of phytogenic extracts in the diet of laying hens had a positive effect on productive performance, feed efficiency, egg mass, immunity, and antioxidant activity without interfering with egg quality. The optimum level of feed photogenic extract for egg production and feed efficiency was determined to be around 300 mg/kg feed.

The Role of Supplementing a Complex Phytobiotic Feed Additive Containing (Castanea sativa mill) Extract in Combination with Calcium Butyrate, Zinc–Methionine and Essential Oils on Growth Indicators, Blood Profile and Carcass Quality of Broiler Chickens

“…This was probably due to the fact that the tannins were fed with nutraceuticals and had a predominantly inhibitory effect on the digestive process, and, consequently, the poultry of this group grew more slowly. In the later growing periods from 8–14 days, it did not affect the growth rate of the poultry in this study (200–500 g/t), which was also observed in several other studies [ 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 ], even with very wide dose ranges (200–800 g/t) [ 34 , 36 , 49 , 50 ]. In addition, when analyzing poultry productivity in early studies, Zaikina et al (2022) [ 9 ], conducted on Cobb 500 cross broilers, found that the optimal dosage of phytobiotics for up to 10 days of tannin-based rearing was 800 g/t, while the dosage of 500 g/t ( p < 0.05) proved to be worse than an antibiotic.…”

“…Modern industrial poultry farming, both urgent and broiler, is widely used all over the world by many approaches or alternative natural feed additives in feed to increase productivity, improve animal welfare and, ultimately, achieve the sustainability of animal husbandry [ 2 , 3 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 33 ]. Of course, the ban on the use of antibiotics when feeding poultry and other types of productive farm animals has positively affected the increase in alternative sources of biologically active substances, such as pro- and prebiotics [ 10 , 11 , 22 , 27 ], enzymes [ 11 , 34 ], symbiotics [ 27 , 34 ], organic acids [ 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ], essential oils [ 10 , 11 , 13 , 20 ], medicinal herbs [ 36 , 40 , 41 ], phytobiotics [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 11 , …”

“…Blood cells play an essential role in the body of animals; for example, they are responsible for the transport of nutrients, the exchange of gases, provide protection to the body and have the ability to synthesize immune bodies [ 36 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 ]. So, it was found that the introduction of phytobiotics did not significantly affect the morphological parameters of blood, except for the content of leukocytes.…”

Synthetic and phytogenic antioxidants improve productive performance, antioxidant activity, gene expression, and offspring quality in breeder hens subjected to heat stress

“…Exogenous dietary antioxidants are widely accepted as effective substances for mitigating the adverse effects of HS on breeder hens in terms of favorable productive and reproductive performance, immunity, embryonic development, and antioxidant activity ( Ibtisham et al, 2019 ; Amevor et al, 2021 ; Darmawan et al, 2022 ). Our results revealed the beneficial effects of synthetic (vitamins C, E, Se, and L-carnitine) and phytogenic (clove, green tea pomace, and Vietnamese coriander) antioxidants on egg production, hatchability, embryo development, and antioxidant activity of breeder hens under HS.…”

Dietary resveratrol supplementation on growth performance, immune function and intestinal barrier function in broilers challenged with lipopolysaccharide

“…This indicates that after LPS stimulation induces an immune stress response, the body's immune response is activated, causing plasma cells to rapidly secrete large amounts of IgM and IgG, and mucosal epithelial cells to secrete SIgA for defense against undesirable attacks ( Ramadan et al, 2020 ). Polyphenolic compounds from medicinal plants have been reported to have immunoprotective properties and immunomodulatory potential in poultry organisms ( Darmawan et al, 2022 ). As an active polyphenol, RES can benefit the immune response by binding IgG through an additional ligand to the Fc receptor ( Nimmerjahn and Ravetch, 2010 ).…”