ABSTRAK Bungkil biji jarak pagar (BBJP) mengandung protein tinggi (58%-60%), namun ketersediaan protein tersebut sangat rendah, disebabkan beberapa zat antinutrisi yang terkandung dalam BBJP, diantaranya curcin dan phorbolesther. Zat antinutrisi tersebut mengganggu metabolisme dan sintesis protein dalam tubuh. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh pemberian BBJP hasil fermentasi menggunakan Rhizopus oligosporus pada ayam broiler. Penelitian menggunakan anak ayam umur satu hari (d.o.c) strain Ross sebanyak 96 ekor (bobot badan awal rata-rata 45,6±1,7 g/ekor) dan dipelihara selama 5 minggu. Perlakuan ransum yang diberikan adalah: R0 (ransum tanpa BBJP), R1 (ransum mengandung 3% BBJP fermentasi), R2 (ransum mengandung 6% BBJP fermentasi) dan R3 (ransum mengandung 9% BBJP fermentasi). Data dianalisis menggunakan sidik ragam (ANOVA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian BBJP fermentasi sebanyak 3%-9% dalam ransum ayam broiler periode starter dan grower-finisher sangat nyata menurunkan (P<0,01) konsumsi ransum, bobot badan akhir, dan pertambahan bobot badan. Pemberian BBJP fermentasi sebanyak 9% sangat nyata meningkatkan (P<0,01) angka mortalitas ayam broiler pada periode starter maupun grower-finisher. Fermentasi BBJP menggunakan R. oligosporus belum efektif dalam menurunkan antinutrisi yang tercermin dari tidak adanya perbaikan performa ayam broiler.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of feeding cassava leaf meal and golden snail on performances, chemical, and physical qualities of local duck egg. The experiment used 180 Pajajaran laying ducks of 20 weeks of age and was offered dietary treatments up to 26 weeks of age. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with a 3 x 2 factorial arrangement. The first factor was the treatment of cassava leaf meal consisted of 3 levels, i.e., 0%, 5%, and 10%. The second factor was the treatment of golden snail consisted of 2 levels, i.e., 0% and 10%. Each experimental unit used three replicates and each replicate consisted of ten ducks. The results showed that there was no interaction effect of cassava leaf meal and golden snail treatments on laying duck performances and egg qualities. There were significant effects of cassava leaf meal and golden snail treatments (p<0.05) on egg production, feed intake, egg mass, egg index, and egg yolk color. However, egg weight, feed conversion ratio, yolk fat, yolk cholesterol, and yolk TBARS values, albumen weight, eggshell weight, shell thickness, and Haugh unit values were not affected (p>0.05) by treatments of cassava leave meal and golden snail. The utilization of 10% cassava leaf meal in the diet significantly improved egg production, feed intake, egg mass, and yolk color (p<0.05). The lowest egg index was found in the eggs produced by ducks fed diet containing 5% cassava leaf meal, but it is still within the normal range. Ducks fed a diet containing 5% golden snail significantly had higher feed intake, egg mass, percentage of albumen, and yolk color. It was concluded that there was no interaction effect of cassava leaf meal and golden snail treatments on laying duck performances and egg qualities. A diet containing 10% cassava leaf meal or a diet containing 5% golden snail had the greatest effects on the performance and physical quality of egg without affecting the chemical quality of the egg.
High quality protein feedstuff prices for poultry are more expensive due to rising prices of imported raw materials, such as fish meal and meat bone meal (MBM). Utilization of an alternative source of protein that is abundant and does not compete with food needs, becomes one of the promising solutions to optimize production efficiency. This research will evaluate the potential utilization of black soldier fly (BSF) deffated larva mal as alternative source of MBM protein in quail feed on quail production performance by using method of decreasing fat (defatting) with emphasis (pressing). Female quail 5 weeks old as many as 285 birds. Quails devided in 3 treatments and 5 replications of each 19 tails. The experimental design used in this study was a complete randomized design (CRD). The feed applied was as follows: (P1) control feed, (P2) Feed with content 50% BSF (P3) feed with 100% BSF. The results of the study 50% and 100% subtitution of BSF deffated larva meal not significantly affected on egg production evidenced by no disruption of the production of eggs and raised 5.82% (P2) and 6.13% (P3) to feed control so that it can be concluded that deffated BSF meal alternative can be used as a substitute for MBM quail in feed
Black Soldier Fly larvae are natural antibiotics. The use of methanol extract in BSF larvae has a dual function, namely high protein content and high antibiotic content to kill Gram-negative bacteria. The biological structure of BSF larvae with antimicrobial peptide (AMP) acts as an inhibitor of pathogenic microorganisms, has a high lauric acid function as a natural antimicrobial and chitin, the polysaccharide plays a role in enhancing the immune response of the animal. This study aims to gain the best type of BSF protein from feed treatments containing live BSF, dry BSF, and BSF extract to increase blood productivity and hematology. The results of this study show that the best P3 treatment for the productivity of laying hens at the age of 18 to 26 weeks with the use of BSF extract since it contains the highest protein compared to other treatments. Productivity variables show the best P3 treatment, each egg weight 57.17 g bird -1 , daily egg production 90.88%, egg mass 2408.16 g bird -1 and ration conversion 2.0. The mean hematology of the blood showed the highest P3 treatment, each erythrocyte 2.91±0.13 x 10 6 mm -3 , leucocytes 17.69±3.68 x 10 3 mm -3 , hematocrit 27.8±1.14%, hemoglobin 9.96±1.12%, MCV 95.77±4.41 fl, MCHC 35.99±5.21%, MCH 34.38±4.53 pg, lymphocytes 61.2 ± 4.86%, heterophile 31.2±2%, monocytes 5±0.62% and ratio H/L 0.51±0.04.
BSF larvae have a high growth rate and optimal feed conversion and can be well utilized of various types of material as a food source including decomposed organic matter. BSF larvae have amino acid compositions that resemble the amino acid composition of soybean meal or fish meal so that they can function as (antibiotic growth promoters-AGP). AGP aims to maintain the health of the digestive tract of poultry so that feed conversion becomes more efficient and growth performance can be optimal. This study aims to obtain the best type of BSF protein to improve egg quality physically and chemically and the effect of BSF on lipid metabolism. The results of this study indicated that treatment of T3 was the best physically egg quality and chemically egg quality of-laying hens with the use of BSF because it contained protein extract was quite high compared to other treatments. The results of the analysis of blood lipid metabolism that the treatment of live BSF (T1) has the lowest average value, this proved that live BSF was able to reduce the fat content in the blood of laying hens.
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