Detection and quantification of hepatitis E virus in the absence of IgG and IgM anti-HEV in HIV-positive patients

Salvio, A.L.; Lopes, A.O.; Almeida, Alfredo M. Ozorio de; Gardinali, Noemi Rovaris; Lima, Lyana Rodrigues Pinto; Oliveira, J. M.; Sion, Fernando Samuel; Ribeiro, Luiz Cláudio Pereira; Pinto, Marcelo Alves; Paula, Vanessa Salete de

doi:10.1111/jam.14024

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Similarly, another study that included 5 cases of acute HEV infection diagnosed by HEV RNA found that HEV IgM could only be detected at diagnosis in two subjects (Rivero-Juarez et al, 2015b), and three of these patients lacked HEV IgM positivity, with a CD4+ cell count higher than 200 cells/mm 3 . Similarly, in a study of 10 cases of acute HEV infection in Brazil, none of the patients presented with HEV HEV IgM, or HEV IgG antibodies (Salvio et al, 2018). Of the 9 patients with an available CD4+ count, only one showed a CD4+ cell count lower than 200 cells/mL (Salvio et al, 2018).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Similarly, in a study of 10 cases of acute HEV infection in Brazil, none of the patients presented with HEV HEV IgM, or HEV IgG antibodies (Salvio et al, 2018). Of the 9 patients with an available CD4+ count, only one showed a CD4+ cell count lower than 200 cells/mL (Salvio et al, 2018). These data show that the lack of HEV IgM during the acute phase may not be limited to those patients with severe immunosuppression.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Hepatitis E Infection in HIV-Infected Patients

2019

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Background The hepatitis E virus (HEV) represents a major cause of acute hepatitis worldwide. The majority of HEV cases occur in low-income countries, mainly Asia and Africa, where HEV causes large outbreaks associated with the consumption of contaminated water and high mortality in specific populations. In high-income countries, HEV infection is considered a zoonotic disease that is linked to the consumption of contaminated food. Although a high proportion of cases have self-limiting asymptomatic or subclinical infections, immunosuppression may modify the pathogenesis and clinical impact of this emerging disease. Results and Discussion Here, we review the current knowledge about the epidemiology, diagnosis, clinical manifestations, management and prevention of HEV infection in HIV-infected subjects. Conclusions Despite the increasing knowledge about the pathogenesis, epidemiology and clinical impact of HEV infection, several major factors are faced by HIV-infected patients, including treatment recommendations, immunization and risk practices.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Hepatitis E Infection in HIV-Infected Patients

2019

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“…However, the associated risk factors are not well known. Currently, only two studies have assessed HIV-infected individuals (Ferreira et al, 2018;Salvio et al, 2018). The aim of the present study was to investigate the occurrence and seroprevalence of HEV infection and associated risk factors in HIV-infected individuals and blood donors from the southernmost part of the country, a region where the consumption of pork meat is widespread.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and characterization of hepatitis E virus genotype 3 in HIV-infected patients and blood donors from southern Brazil

Silva

Oliveira

Mendoza-Sassi

et al. 2019

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Background: Hepatitis E virus genotype 3 (HEV-3) infection usually causes self-limited acute hepatitis. In immunosuppressed patients, HEV-3 infection can rapidly progress to chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis. In southern Brazil, data on HEV seroprevalence are scarce. Methods: Testing for HEV RNA and antibodies (anti-HEV) was performed for 320 HIV-infected patients followed at the HIV/AIDS Service of the Federal University of Rio Grande between 2012 and 2013, as well as 281 blood donor samples obtained in 2015. Variables associated with anti-HEV positivity were assessed by multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results: HIV and blood donor groups showed similar HEV seroprevalence (6.7% and 7.1%, respectively). Risk factors associated with anti-HEV detection were older age, marital status, a higher number of sexual partners, poor sanitation, and alcohol use (HIV group), and living in a rural area (blood donors). HEV RNA was detected in eight serum samples from HIV-infected patients and in one blood donor, who was also positive for anti-HEV IgM and IgG. Conclusions: The prevalence rates of HEV infection were comparable between HIV-seropositive patients who were not severely immunocompromised and blood donors. The blood donor's HEV isolate showed high similarity with swine HEV strains from Brazilian herds in the same region, thus indicating a potential risk of foodborne and parenteral transmission via blood transfusion.

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“…Molecular characterization of the HEV strains detected in humans in Brazil showed that all belonged to HEV-3 [ 32 , 33 , 40 , 45 , 53 ]. Further characterization of some of the strains identified subtypes 3b [ 33 , 40 ] and 3i [ 45 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Review of Hepatitis E Virus in Brazil: A One-Health Approach of the Human-Animal-Environment Triad

Moraes

Mesquita

Dutra

et al. 2021

Animals

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Brazil is the fifth largest country in the world with diverse socioeconomic and sanitary conditions, also being the fourth largest pig producer in the world. The aim of the present systematic review was to collect and summarize all HEV published data from Brazil (from 1995 to October 2020) performed in humans, animals, and the environment, in a One Health perspective. A total of 2173 papers were retrieved from five search databases (LILACs, Mendeley, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) resulting in 71 eligible papers after application of exclusion/inclusion criteria. Data shows that HEV genotype 3 (HEV-3) was the only retrieved genotype in humans, animals, and environment in Brazil. The South region showed the highest human seroprevalence and also the highest pig density and industry, suggesting a zoonotic link. HEV-1 and 2 were not detected in Brazil, despite the low sanitary conditions of some regions. From the present review we infer that HEV epidemiology in Brazil is similar to that of industrialized countries (only HEV-3, swine reservoirs, no waterborne transmission, no association with low sanitary conditions). Hence, we alert for the implementation of HEV surveillance systems in swine and for the consideration of HEV in the diagnostic routine of acute and chronic hepatitis in humans.

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Detection and quantification of hepatitis E virus in the absence of IgG and IgM anti-HEV in HIV-positive patients

Abstract: Hepatitis E virus genotype 3 (HEV GT3) has been associated with silent chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis in HIV-positive subjects worldwide, but there is a lack of data on this co-infection in Brazil.

Cited by 10 publications

References 50 publications

Hepatitis E Infection in HIV-Infected Patients

Hepatitis E Infection in HIV-Infected Patients

Detection and characterization of hepatitis E virus genotype 3 in HIV-infected patients and blood donors from southern Brazil

Systematic Review of Hepatitis E Virus in Brazil: A One-Health Approach of the Human-Animal-Environment Triad

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