Detailed chromosome measurements and karyotype asymmetry of someVicia(Fabaceae) taxa from Turkey

Abstract

This study examined the detailed chromosome measurements and karyotype asymmetries of seven taxa in the genus Vicia. The taxa are V. articulata, V. cassubica, V. villosa subsp. villosa in sect. Cracca, V. noeana var. noeana, V. sativa subsp. sativa, V. peregrina in sect. Vicia and V. caesarea in sect. Ervum. V. cassubica, V. noeana var. noeana, V. sativa subsp. sativa, V. caesarea have 2n = 12 chromosomes. V. articulata, V. villosa subsp. villosa, V. peregrina have 2n = 14 chromosomes in somatic cells. Total chromosome lengths range between 2.93-4.99 µm in V. articulata, 2.09-4.73 µm in V. cassubica, 1.86-3.36 µm in V. villosa subsp. villosa, 4.23-6.05 µm in V. noeana var. noeana, 2.07-3.72 µm in V. sativa subsp. sativa, 4.32-7.21 µm in V. peregrina and 2.39-5.78 µm in V. caesarea. The detailed chromosome measurements, relative lengths, centromeric indexes and karyotype asymmetries are also given. V. articulata is the most symmetrical karyotype, while V. villosa subsp. villosa is the most asymmetrical karyotype in intrachromosomal asymmetry including parameters of M CA , AsK, TF, Syi, A1, and A. However, the asymmetrical karyotypes are different in interchromosomal asymmetries. While V. noeana var. noeana is the most symmetrical karyotype in CV CL , Rec, and A2. V. caesarea is the most asymmetrical karyotype in only CV CL and A2. Unlike all parameters, V. cassubica is the most asymmetrical karyotype in Rec value. The scatter diagrams are given between M CA-CV CL and Syi-Rec.

Cytogenetic Diversity and Characterization of Vicia sativa Subspecies

“…angustifolia, cordata and nigra showed 2n = 10 and 12 and subsp. macrocarpa showed 2n = 12 and 14, in the mixed Vicia sativa populations (Yamamoto 1968;Hollings and Stace, 1974;Ladizinsky 1978;Ladizinsky and Temkin, 1978;Zohary and Plitmann, 1979;Kamari et al, 1994;Weber and Schifino-W ittmann, 1999;Arslan et al 2012;Martin et al 2018).…”

“…For analysis, the root tips were hydrolyzed with 1 N HCl for 12-18 minutes at room temperature (25 °C). After hydrolyzing, the root tips were stained with 2% aceto-orcein in absolute darkness for 2.5 h. Finally, samples were crushed in 45% acetic acid, as described by Martin et al (2018). The chromosomes were observed during the mitotic metaphase using an Olympus BX-51 (Olympus Corp., Japan) microscope.…”

Karyotypical Identification of Some Important Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Lines in Turkey

“…The populations that have similar cytologic structure, are more successful in transferring good features from one to another in the process of synthetic variety breeding, such as alfalfa. Turkey is a very suitable area for genetic variability because of its location in a different climatological and geographical zone which are Mediterranean, Euro-Siberian, and Irano-Turanian (Martin et al, 2018). The genetic variability of alfalfa in Turkey is in the chromosome morphologies and chromosome numbers.…”

DNA barcoding and phylogenetic analysis of endemic Astragalus nezaketiae and Vicia alpestris subsp. hypoleuca (Fabaceae): Evidence from nrDNA ITS and cpDNA matK and rbcL sequences

“…In Turkey, 64 species, 22 subspecies, and 18 varieties of this genus have been recorded (Han et al, 2021b;Kaplan et al, 2021a, Kaplan et al, 2021b. The highest specific diversity of Vicia is found in Turkey and northwest Asia (Martin et al, 2018). The Vicia species, which are agriculturally and economically important, protein-rich, and valuable genetic resources, are used as highquality green manure, medicine, food, cover, fodder, and ornamental and honey plants to reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases and increase soil fertility (Han et al, 2021b;Wu et al, 2021;Wu et al, 2020;Jo et al, 2022;Sun et al, 2022).…”