Cytogenetic Diversity and Characterization of Vicia sativa Subspecies

Abstract

Background: Vicia sativa L. is variable genus comprised of several subspecies. Close relative species and subspecies of the cultivated species are easily usable gene sources because they have gained resistance against a wide range of biotic and abiotic stresses. The main objectives of this study are to identify and describe the cytogenetical and karyological characteristics of subspecies in the Vicia sativa complex.Methods: The research material consisted of multiple entries collected from the five subspecies of nine taxa. All cytological observations made from root tips. Six chromosomal parameters (chromosome length, relative length, long arm length, short arm length, arm ratio and centromeric index) and five karyotype asymmetric parameters (difference in relative length, total form percentage, intrachromosomal asymmetry index, interchromosomal asymmetry index and mean centromeric asymmetry) were determined.Result: It was determined that the chromosome number of subspecies were 2n =10-12. The haploid chromosome lengths of subspecies were 15.86-33.88 µm and the average chromosome lengths varied between 2.64-5.65 µm. According to the intrachromosomal karyotype asymmetry index analysis, subsp. segetalis was the most asymmetric karyotype and subsp. sativa “Antalya” was the most symmetric karyotype. According to the interchromosomal karyotype asymmetry index analysis, subsp. angustifolia was the most asymmetric karyotype and subsp. nigra was the most symmetric karyotype.

Karyological analyses in several Algerian populations of six species of the genus Vicia L. (Fabaceae)

“…macrocapa is 2n=12 for all Algerians populations. These results were in agreement with those of Raina and Rees (1983), Meriç and Dane (1999), Bisht et al (1998), Raina et al (2001), Basbag et al (2013, Osman et al (2020), Kartal et al (2020) and Benlioglu (2021). However, Karyotype formula and quantitative analysis are variable among the populations, considered in the present study.…”

“…Concerning the chromosome size of the Vicia sativa subspecies, our results (1.9 -4.84 µm) are very similar to those recorded by Benlioglu (2021) in Turkey (1.68-4.88 µm). However, they are relatively lower than the results reported by El-Bok et al (2014) and Gaffazardeh-Namazi et al (2008) on Tunisian (1.71 -6 µm) and Iranian accessions (2.89 -5.…”

“…Concerning the chromosome size observed in V. sativa subsp. macrocarpa (2.25 -4.85 µm), it appears to be lower than that reported by Osman et al (2020) (7.9 -15.71 µm) and similar to that found by Benlioglu (2021), in some wild populations of the same species, in .…”

“…Vicia sativa L. is a variable genus comprising of several subspecies; it is most commonly called Vicia sativa complex (Cvs) or sativa aggregate (Jauzein 1995;Kartal et al 2020;Benlioglu 2021). Members of this complex are morphologically, karyologically and ecologically variables and were considered to be in active evolution (Potokina et al 2000;Shiran and Raina 2001;El-Bok et al 2015), making identification difficult and confusing.…”

Karyotypical Identification of Some Important Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Lines in Turkey

“…In this study, sub-metacentric chromosomes were specified in Line 1, 2, 3, 5, 7. Theoretically, differences observed in length and the structure of chromosome morphology could be explained away as gradual alterations, which occurred through the evolution of the karyotype during natural or manual selection (Benlioglu, 2020).…”