Demystifying visitor harassment

Nicely, Annmarie; Ghazali, Raslinda Mohd

doi:10.1016/j.annals.2014.05.011

Cited by 19 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The broader victimology literature records three types of emotional responses to unethical destination incidents: anger, contempt, and disgust (Breitsohl & Garrod, ). Other studies report feelings of being pressured, overwhelmed, anger, and fear (Nicely & Ghazali, ; Skipper, ).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 98%

A qualitative cognitive appraisal of tourist harassment

Otoo

Badu‐Baiden

Kim

2019

Journal of Tourism Research

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Although hostility against tourists has gained a respectable amount of research attention over the last two decades, tourist harassment has proved to be an elusive topic for researchers. This study makes an important contribution to the literature by demonstrating the multidimensional nature of tourist harassment, with attention paid to the application of cognitive appraisal theory. We argue the need for an in‐depth understanding of victims' perspective of tourist harassment. The study involved 19 on‐site interviews conducted in Ghana. The results show that tourists are subjected to aggressive and passive forms of harassment. The qualitative inquiry revealed that harassment has substantial effects on tourists' cognitive assessment, emotional response, coping strategy, destination image, and future intentions. Expressing annoyance and making behavioral adjustments were the more notable emotional and coping responses recorded. Although respondents were generally confident about recommending Ghana as a destination in spite of the harassment, they were divided in terms of their intentions to revisit the destination.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 98%

A qualitative cognitive appraisal of tourist harassment

Otoo

Badu‐Baiden

Kim

2019

Journal of Tourism Research

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“…This was done for three reasons. First, there were frequent reports of craft traders engaging in harassment behaviors on travel websites like TripAdvisor (Nicely & Mohd Ghazali, 2014). Second, the researchers were most interested in traders who, apart from engaging in harassment behaviors, were legally operating their businesses.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…"Visitor harassment", as used within the context of the present study, is "an individual or group contact or non-contact legal or illegal aggressive trading behavior between locals (traders) and visitors (buyers) that result in visitors (buyers or potential buyers) feeling varying degrees of anger, fear and/or sadness" (Nicely & Ghazali, 2014, p. 268). Examples of individual or group contact and non-contact behaviors include: an individual or group of traders pulling or pushing a visitor (individual and group contact behaviors); a crowd of traders surrounding a visitor at once (group non-contact behavior); and a trader hurling abusive, rude or intimidating language at a visitor when he or she refuses to make a purchase (individual non-contact behavior) (Nicely & Mohd Ghazali, 2014). A "visitor harassment mitigation program" is all the initiatives of a destination, whether administered publicly or privately, where a central goal is to reduce the harassment of visitors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainably changing small traders' harassment behaviors – A theoretical framework

et al. 2015

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h i g h l i g h t sA model for sustainably reducing small traders' harassment behaviors was proposed. The framework was based on established theories of behavior modification. The framework was used to analyze Jamaica's visitor harassment mitigation program. Jamaica's program had clear learning gaps which compromised its long-term success. a b s t r a c tThe goal of the paper was to put forward a theoretical model for sustainably changing small traders' harassment behaviors and to apply it to a destination that has been grappling with the problem for decades. One hundred and eighty-one newspaper articles, 37 annual tourism reports, and 20 other government documents were reviewed to determine Jamaica's visitor harassment mitigation initiatives and activities from 1957 to 2013. Also, seven leaders from 14 of the island's craft markets were interviewed to determine the effects of these programs on their constituents' harassment behaviors. The archives and interview transcripts were analyzed using thematic content analysis. The case analysis revealed that while Jamaica had initiatives likely to discourage their small independent traders' engagement in harassment behaviors, the initiatives developed to strengthen their knowledge of the desired less aggressive trading behaviors had deficiencies likely to limit their engagement in these behaviors. The framework had implicationsfor how measures to curtail visitor harassment are developed and tested.

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“…They shift focuses and show passive attitudes, or they try to forget about unpleasant events through pleasant experiences. They are the "negatively evasive" in terms of attitudes [14][15][16]. From the above, we can see that in the face of different tourism hassles, tourists will have different attitudes.…”

Section: Attitude Tendencymentioning

confidence: 96%

Face it? Or Avoid it? Traveler’s Cognitions of Tourism Hassles, Responsiveness and Attitude Tendencies

Chang¹,

Tang²,

Cheng³

2018

J Tourism Hospit

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The rapid rise of the tourism industry in Taiwan in recent years has led to tourism hassles owing to differences in cultures and customs. Tourism hassles refer to unpleasant experience in the process of traveling. Through the perspective of Taiwanese outbound travellers, this study explores the negative emotions that may arise in multiple aspects of the tourism process to affect the perception of the tourism hassles, shape the attitude tendencies towards tourism hassles among Taiwanese outbound travellers, and conduce to their responsiveness and revisit intention. This study collected 530 valid questionnaires to analyze the perceptions, responsiveness and attitude tendencies towards tourism hassles among Taiwan's outbound travellers. The research results find that: (1) Overall, the perceptions of tourism hassles among tourists are consistent; (2) It is verified that different responses can influence the attitude tendencies towards tourism hassles among tourists; (3) Taiwan's outbound travelers are divided into four categories and it is found that Taiwan's tourists are negatively evasive and unwilling to revisit in the face of tourism hassles, which belongs to the cluster of "low revisit intention low action efficacy." Through the results, it is hoped that they can lay the basis for relevant industries to adjust service models in the future and improve the quality of destination tourism.

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Demystifying visitor harassment

Cited by 19 publications

References 5 publications

A qualitative cognitive appraisal of tourist harassment

A qualitative cognitive appraisal of tourist harassment

Sustainably changing small traders' harassment behaviors – A theoretical framework

Face it? Or Avoid it? Traveler’s Cognitions of Tourism Hassles, Responsiveness and Attitude Tendencies

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