Comparative leaf anatomical studies of some Sterculia L. species (Sterculiaceae)

Hussin, Khatijah Haji; Sani, Zaharina Mohamat

doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1998.tb02094.x

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…(Lersten and Curtis 1997), Sterculia Vent. (Hussin and Sani 1998), Hibiscus (Rocha et al 2002) and Pavonia alnifolia A.St.-Hil. (Pimentel et al 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaf anatomical features of three Theobroma species (Malvaceae s.l.) native to the Brazilian Amazon

et al. 2014

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Theobroma species have economic importance due to their use in the cosmetic and food industries, mainly in the production of chocolate. However, the anatomy of their vegetative structures remains poorly studied. The goal of this study was to describe the anatomical features of Theobroma grandiflorum, T. speciosum and T. subincanum to contribute to the biological knowledge of these species, as well as provide support to the biotechnological studies of native fruit plants of the Amazon. Leaves at different developmental stages were collected and analyzed under light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Sessile and stalked stellate trichomes and digitiform glandular trichomes were observed in the expanded leaves of T. grandiflorum and T. subincanum. These species were also similar in the morphology of the midrib, the organization of the mesophyll and the presence of starch grains in the midrib pith cells. Claviform glandular trichomes and mucilage cells in the epidermis occurred only in the expanded leaves of T. speciosum. The presence of mucilage secretory trichomes in shoot apices (colleters) of all species is a new finding for the genus Theobroma. KEYWORDS: colleters, cupuassu, glandular trichomes, mucilage, stellate trichomes. Caracteres anatômicos foliares de três espécies de Theobroma (Malvaceae s.l.) nativas da Amazônia Brasileira RESUMOAs espécies de Theobroma têm importância econômica devido a sua utilização nas indústrias cosmética e alimentícia, principalmente na produção de chocolate. Entretanto, a anatomia de suas estruturas vegetativas permanece pouco conhecida. O presente estudo teve por objetivo descrever as características anatômicas de Theobroma grandiflorum, T. speciosum e T. subincanum, como contribuição ao conhecimento biológico dessas espécies, bem como, fornecer subsídios aos estudos biotecnológicos de fruteiras nativas da Amazônia. Folhas em diferentes estágios de desenvolvimento foram coletadas e analisadas sob microscopia de luz e eletrônica de varredura. Nas folhas expandidas de T. grandiflorum e T. subincanum foram observados tricomas dos tipos estrelado séssil, pedunculado e glandular digitiforme. Estas espécies também foram similares quanto à morfologia da nervura central, à organização do mesofilo e à presença de grãos de amido no parênquima medular da nervura central. Tricomas glandulares claviformes e células mucilaginosas na epiderme do limbo foliar ocorreram somente em T. speciosum. A presença de tricomas secretores de mucilagem nos ápices vegetativos (coléteres) de todas as espécies estudadas é um novo registro para o gênero Theobroma.

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“…(Lersten and Curtis 1997), Sterculia Vent. (Hussin and Sani 1998), Hibiscus (Rocha et al 2002) and Pavonia alnifolia A.St.-Hil. (Pimentel et al 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaf anatomical features of three Theobroma species (Malvaceae s.l.) native to the Brazilian Amazon

et al. 2014

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“…Abaxial epidermal peels were prepared by treatment of leaves with Jeffery's fluid and stained in safranine, mounted in glycerine and sealed with DPX TM mountant (containing dibutyl phthalate, xylol and distrene 80; Central Drug House, New Delhi, India) as per the method described by Hussin et al (1997). Fully expanded leaves from the uppermost node collected at different phases of micropropagation viz.…”

Section: ⎯⎯⎯⎯mentioning

confidence: 99%

Stomatal characteristics during micropropagation of Wrightia tomentosa

Joshi¹,

Joshi²,

Purohit³

2006

Biologia plant.

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A deviation from usually found characteristics of stomata in Wrightia tomentosa was noted during in vitro propagation. Increase in stomatal frequency in leaves of plants grown in vitro was observed with 29.4 % malformed stomata. The stomata were spherical, wide open, did not close in detached leaves even after 3 h. The leaves exhibited 93.4 % total water loss during 3-h period. Stomatal frequency, percentage of malformed stomata and rate of water loss declined in subsequent rooting phase. Nevertheless, for high survival rate plantlets were hardened under gradually decreasing air humidity either in partially opened glass bottles containing Soilrite TM moistened with ¼ Murashige and Skoog nutrients or in pots covered with polyethylene bags. The stomatal characteristics of hardened plants were comparable to seedlings. Survival rate was more than 95 %.Additional key words: ex vitro transfer, hardening, in vitro culture, stomatal frequency, water relations. ⎯⎯⎯⎯The transfer of woody plant species from in vitro vessels to ex vitro conditions is considered to be a critical stage in successful micropropagation. The major reason for high mortality rate during ex vitro transfer lies in excessive water loss attributed to poor stomatal functioning (Blanke and Belcher 1989), reduced leaf epicuticular wax (Sutter and Langhans 1979) and high stomatal densities (Desjardins et al. 1988). Hronková et al. (2003) have reported that the acclimation of in vitro derived plants to ex vitro conditions affected the stomata on adaxial and abaxial sides differently. Failure of stomata to close in response to darkness, applied ABA, or high CO 2 concentrations has also been reported in apple and cauliflower plants propagated in vitro (Brainerd and Fuchigami 1982). The cause of failure of stomata to close could be due to guard cell wall properties (Ziv et al. 1987), the deformation of stomata (Blanke and Belcher 1989) or the K + transport across the guard cells (Assmann 1993). Manipulation of irradiance and relative humidity (RH) in Rosa multiflora induced changes in stomatal and epidermal cell anatomy (Capellades et al. 1990).Micropropagation of Wrightia tomentosa, a threatened tree species of Aravallis in Rajasthan, India has been reported (Purohit et al., 1996). Despite high production rate, in vitro plants exhibited severe water loss and thus very high mortality during weaning period. Present study investigates stomatal features, relative water loss during different phases of micropropagation and methods for successful hardening of the plantlets for their large-scale production.Shoot cultures were initiated from aseptically grown seedlings of W. tomentosa according to the method described by Purohit et al (1996). Shoots induced from cotyledonary nodes on Murashige and Skoog (1962; MS) medium containing 22.2 μM 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) were repeatedly subcultured every 3 weeks on lower concentrations of BAP (8.9 μM) in the medium. Elongated shoots (2 -3 cm) were rooted in vitro by giving pulse treatment of pre-autoclaved indolebutyric acid...

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“…This macroscopic was same with the result from Kahtijah (1998). 18 The macroscopic result show in Figure 1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Pharmacognosy, Phytochemical Study and Antioxidant Activity of Sterculia rubiginosa Zoll. Ex Miq. Leaves

Prastiwi

Elya²,

Sauriasari³

et al. 2018

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Original Article INTRODUCTIONIndonesia Nation is rich in flora diversity. Many native plants of Indonesia that still need development for treatment, one of them from the genus Sterculia. The genus was present in tropical and sub-tropical regions, with a number of species 1100. The tree or shrub with simple leaves with flat or toothed edges, unisexual flowers, with 5 petals, some of which have an unpleasant odor as an example of Sterculia foetida in Indonesia is known by the name of Kepuh. There is no report about pharmacognosy and phytochemical study with this plant.Objective: The main aim of this research is to establish pharmacognosy, phytochemical study and antioxidant activity of Sterculia rubiginosa Zoll.ex. Miq. Leaves. The plant used to cure many diseases of Indonesia. Methods: In the present study, pharmacognosy and phytochemical study of plant material were performed as per the Indonesian Herb Pharmacopoeia. Results: Microscopy powder of Sterculia rubiginosa Zoll.ex. Miq. Leaves shows star shape trichoma as a specific fragment. Physicochemical parameters including total ash (17.152 %), acid-insoluble ash (0.922 %), water-soluble extractive (1.610 % w/w), alcohol-soluble extractive (4.524 % w/w), hexane-soluble extractive (4.005 % w/w), and ethyl acetate-soluble extractive (3.160 % w/w) were evaluated. Phytochemical screening of ethanol extracts showed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids-terpenoids, glycosides, and phenols. And absent of saponins and Anthraquinones. Antioxidant activity with IC 50 157, 4665 ppm and flavonoid total was 59.436 mg/g quercetin equivalent. Conclusion: The pharmacognosy, physiochemical, and phytochemical evaluation provides information for the safety, identification, and class of chemical constituent's presents in this crude extract.

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Comparative leaf anatomical studies of some Sterculia L. species (Sterculiaceae)

Cited by 9 publications

References 6 publications

Leaf anatomical features of three Theobroma species (Malvaceae s.l.) native to the Brazilian Amazon

Leaf anatomical features of three Theobroma species (Malvaceae s.l.) native to the Brazilian Amazon

Stomatal characteristics during micropropagation of Wrightia tomentosa

Pharmacognosy, Phytochemical Study and Antioxidant Activity of Sterculia rubiginosa Zoll. Ex Miq. Leaves

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