Stomatal characteristics during micropropagation of Wrightia tomentosa

Joshi, P.; Joshi, Nirmala; Purohit, S. D.

doi:10.1007/s10535-006-0019-z

Cited by 29 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…Also, plants grown in vitro under high relative air humidity have low ABA levels, but when moved to an ex vitro environment with lower relative air humidity the ABA levels increase (Hronkova et al, 2003). Furthermore, Wrightia tomentosa plants grown under high relative air humidity in vitro, had 29.4 % malformed stomata (Joshi et al, 2006). These stomata were described as large, spherical and wide open, lacking the ability to close.…”

Section: Stomatal Development Under High Relative Air Humiditymentioning

confidence: 99%

Stomatal Responses to Drought Stress and Air Humidity

Le¹,

Torre²,

Olsen³

et al. 2011

Abiotic Stress in Plants - Mechanisms and Adaptations

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Section: Stomatal Development Under High Relative Air Humiditymentioning

confidence: 99%

Stomatal Responses to Drought Stress and Air Humidity

Le¹,

Torre²,

Olsen³

et al. 2011

Abiotic Stress in Plants - Mechanisms and Adaptations

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“…& schult. (Joshi et al 2006). There was no difference in the amount of raphyde crystals in both treatments.…”

Section: 8mentioning

confidence: 82%

In vitro culture at low temperature and ex vitro acclimatization of Vriesea inflata an ornamental bromeliad

Pedroso¹,

Lazarini²,

Tamaki³

et al. 2010

Rev. bras. Bot.

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− (In vitro culture at low temperature and ex vitro acclimatization of Vriesea inflata an ornamental bromeliad). In vitro culture by seeds is a technique for preservation of threatened species because it may provide a large number of plants with genetic diversity. The bromeliad Vriesea inflata (Wawra) Wawra, an ornamental bromeliad, is extensively and illegally collected from the nature and must be preserved. it is possible to form plant threatened collections in vitro by reducing the temperature of culture, while occupying little space, with the consequent reduction of maintenance costs. This work evaluated the influence of temperature on in vitro growth and morphology of plants of V. inflata, with the aim of establishing a slow growth-rate and analyzing the ex vitro acclimatization. seeds were germinated in vitro in murashige and skoog (ms) medium, with macronutrients reduced to 50% (MS/2). After three months the plants were transferred to flasks of new same medium and kept in two germination chambers with the temperature adjusted to 15 °c and to 28 °c. After 24 months the plants were subject to biometric, photosynthetic pigments content and anatomical analyses. Results showed that plants maintained at 15 °c were smaller than those at 28 °c. nevertheless, there were no alterations in pigments content, anatomy. in both treatments there was a survival rate of 100%. This work showed that plants of this species can be kept in vitro at 15 °c with the aim of forming a slow-growth collection, thereby seeking its preservation, and can be transferred to growth at ex vitro condition to achieved 100% survival rate.key words -anatomy, Bromeliaceae, conservation, growth, photosynthetic pigments RESUMO − (Cultivo in vitro em temperatura baixa e aclimatização ex vitro de Vriesea inflata, uma bromélia ornamental). o cutivo in vitro iniciado a partir de sementes pode ser utilizado para preservação de espécies ameaçadas porque contribui para o fornecimento de um grande número de plantas com diversidade genética. Vriesea inflata (Wawra) Wawra, uma bromélia ornamental, é extensivamente e ilegalmente coletada da natureza, sendo importante sua preservação. Por meio do cultivo in vitro é possível formar coleções de plantas ameaçadas, sob crescimento lento, ocupando pouco espaço, com redução dos custos de manutenção das culturas. Este trabalho avaliou a influência da temperatura sobre o crescimento e morfologia de plantas de V. inflata mantidas in vitro, com objetivo de diminuir o crescimento, além de verificar a aclimatização destas para a condição ex vitro. sementes de V. inflata foram germinadas utilizando-se o meio de murashige and skoog (ms) com macronutrientes reduzidos à metade (MS/2). Após três meses as plantas foram transferidas para frascos contendo o mesmo meio e mantidos em câmaras de germinação, com temperaturas ajustadas para 15 °c e 28 °c. Após 24 meses essas plantas foram submetidas à analises biométricas, anatômicas e de pigmentos fotossintéticos. Verificou-se que as plantas mantidas a 15 °C foram menores qu...

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“…Reduced leaf photosynthetic activity as a result of the poor development of the photosynthetic apparatus, inadequate gas exchange, stomata deformation and suppressed Rubisco activity has been revealed to limit successful in vitro to ex vitro transfer (Zenkteler and Borkowska 2002;Apóstolo et al 2005;Joshi et al 2006;de Oliveira et al 2008 and the literature therein). High mortality during acclimation to ex vitro conditions is mainly associated with the low ability of plantlets to regulate water loss as the result of anatomical abnormalities that had developed in vitro such as increased stomatal density (Joshi et al 2006) or root system damage during transfer from in vitro to ex vitro conditions. Because the photosynthetic apparatus of plantlets that are cultured in vitro is adapted to relatively low light intensities, they can be considered to be shade plants (Borkowska 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The regenerated plantlets were successfully rooted and acclimated to ex vitro conditions with an almost 100% survival rate. It is commonly known that the transfer from in vitro to ex vitro conditions requires adaptation to the new stressful conditions (Pospíšilová et al 1999;Apóstolo et al 2005;Joshi et al 2006;Osório et al 2010). During this acclimation, plants undergo physiological and morphological changes that enable them to grow in the new environment (Pospíšilová et al 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During this acclimation, plants undergo physiological and morphological changes that enable them to grow in the new environment (Pospíšilová et al 1999). In the case of many species, the low ex vitro acclimation of regenerated plantlets results from the low photosynthetic capacity that is developed in vitro (Apóstolo et al 2005;Joshi et al 2006). The specific environmental conditions inside culture vessels, including high air humidity, the presence of a medium usually supplemented with sugar, low gas exchange, ethylene production and low photosynthetic photon flux density may result in physiological anomalies in the micropropagated plants, such as decreased photosynthetic efficiency, poor water loss control, difficult rooting and a low functionality of the developed roots (Pierik 1990;Pospíšilová et al 1992Pospíšilová et al , 2000Kadleček et al 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rooting affects the photosystem II activity: in vitro and ex vitro studies on energy hybrid sorrel

et al. 2017

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Rumex tianschanicus 9 Rumex patientia is a high-biomass-yielding plant suitable for fuel and biogas production. The protocol of the hybrid sorrel micropropagation was used to study the changes in the photosystem II (PSII) activity as well as to analyse the ultrastructure of the chloroplasts. The lowest effective PSII quantum yield [Y(II)] and an apparent electron transport rate of PSII [ETR(II)] were observed for adventitious shoots that had been regenerated in vitro, before rooting. These fluorescence parameters were higher and similar for both the leaves of the same adventitious shoots that had been rooted under in vitro conditions and for the shoots that had been acclimated and grown in ex vitro conditions. The analysis indicated that the PSII activity strongly depends on the formation of properly functioning roots and that in vitro or ex vitro culture conditions are, at least to some degree, less important. TEM analysis revealed that chloroplasts from plants rooted in vitro were sufficiently mature and acclimatization processes have less impact on their development. This is the first report concerning the analysis of PSII activity and the ultrastructure of the chloroplasts at all of the stages of micropropagation, i.e. adventitious shoot formation in vitro, rooting in vitro and acclimation to ex vitro conditions. It strongly indicated that rooting under in vitro conditions, rather than the acclimation to ex vitro conditions, plays a key role in the development of a completely functional photosynthetic apparatus in hybrid sorrel.Keywords Rumex tianschanicus 9 Rumex patientia Á PSII activity Á Chlorophyll a fluorescence Á Ultrastructure of chloroplasts Á In vitro/ex vitro transfer Á Photosynthetic apparatus

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Stomatal characteristics during micropropagation of Wrightia tomentosa

Cited by 29 publications

References 21 publications

Stomatal Responses to Drought Stress and Air Humidity

Stomatal Responses to Drought Stress and Air Humidity

In vitro culture at low temperature and ex vitro acclimatization of Vriesea inflata an ornamental bromeliad

Rooting affects the photosystem II activity: in vitro and ex vitro studies on energy hybrid sorrel

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