Combined local ischemic postconditioning and remote perconditioning recapitulate cardioprotective effects of local ischemic preconditioning

Xin, Ping; Zhu, Wei; Li, Jing; Ma, Shujuan; Wang, Lixing; Liu, Mingya; Li, Jingbo; Wang, Meng; Redington, Andrew N.

doi:10.1152/ajpheart.01102.2009

Cited by 77 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…A significant protective effect was also observed in both groups 18 h after the operation; however, better protection was provided by preconditioning than postconditioning at this time point. This finding is also consistent with recently published investigation results that preconditioning could provide better protection during I/R injury [17,18,20].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in muscle flaps treated with ischemic postconditioning

Yang

Angel

Pang

et al. 2012

HAND

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Background/Objective Preconditioning has been considered promising for the treatment of ischemic flaps. In this study, the therapeutic effect of postconditioning was compared with that of preconditioning during ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, and a role of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in postconditioning treatment was also explored. Methods Sixty rats were randomly divided into four groups with 15 rats in each group. Ischemic injury was induced in a rat's gracilis muscle flap model. Preconditioning and postconditioning were performed respectively on the flaps in the pre-con group and the post-con group. No treatment was given to the flaps in the control group, and flaps without I/R injury were used as a sham control. Muscle viability ratio, histology, and gene expression of iNOS were examined at different time intervals (3, 12, and 18 h). Results A significantly higher survival ratio was observed in both the pre-con group (78.98±3.39, 62.74±3.7, and 54.42 ± 4.45 %) and the post-con group (77.42 ± 4.14, 59.74±6.67, and 49.52±4.13 %) than the control group (45.22±3.69, 42.44±3.76, and 33.2±3.29 %) at 3, 12, and 18 h postoperatively (P<0.05). There was no statistical difference between the pre-con group and the post-con group (P>0.05). Histological examination showed delayed and attenuated tissue damage in both the pre-con group and the post-con group when compared to that of the control group. A higher expression of iNOS was observed in both the pre-con group and the post-con group than the control group and the sham group (P<0.05). Conclusions Significant improvement of flap survival could be achieved by both preconditioning and postconditioning treatments; however, better protection could be provided by preconditioning. The higher expression of iNOS may play an important role in the therapeutic effect of postconditioning during I/R injury.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in muscle flaps treated with ischemic postconditioning

Yang

Angel

Pang

et al. 2012

HAND

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“…This protective effect was corroborated by further studies involving myocardial ischemia, and the procedure was expanded to cerebral ischemia 10,11 . The mechanisms involved in the protective effect against ischemic remote conditioning against I/R lesions are complex and are not yet fully understood.…”

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confidence: 76%

“…They appear to be linked to the activation of the RISK (reperfusion Injury Yamaki Yamaki Yamaki Yamaki Yamaki Protective effect of remote ischemic per-conditioning in the ischemia and reperfusion-induce renal injury in rats Salvage Kinase), through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt and the mitogen-activated protein kinase p44/ p42, besides ERK 1/2 (Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase). It was also demonstrated the involvement of ATPdependent potassium channels, of adenosine and the SAFE(Survivor Activating Factor Enhancement) pathway 5,9,10,12 . Although these Remote ischemic conditioning techniques possess interweaving mechanisms, the rPreC has limited clinical applicability, since it is usually impossible to predict when an organ will suffer from an ischemic event.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Efeito protetor do per-condicionamento isquêmico remoto nas lesões da síndrome de isquemia e reperfusão renal em ratos

Yamaki¹,

Gonçalves²,

Coelho³

et al. 2012

Rev. Col. Bras. Cir.

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Protective effect of remote ischemic per-conditioning in the Protective effect of remote ischemic per-conditioning in the Protective effect of remote ischemic per-conditioning in the Protective effect of remote ischemic per-conditioning in the Protective effect of remote ischemic per-conditioning in the ischemia and reperfusion-induce renal injury in rats ischemia and reperfusion-induce renal injury in rats ischemia and reperfusion-induce renal injury in rats ischemia and reperfusion-induce renal injury in rats ischemia and reperfusion-induce renal injury in rats Efeito protetor do per-condicionamento isquêmico remoto nas lesões da Efeito protetor do per-condicionamento isquêmico remoto nas lesões da Efeito protetor do per-condicionamento isquêmico remoto nas lesões da Efeito protetor do per-condicionamento isquêmico remoto nas lesões da Efeito protetor do per-condicionamento isquêmico remoto nas lesões da síndrome de isquemia e reperfusão renal em ratos síndrome de isquemia e reperfusão renal em ratos síndrome de isquemia e reperfusão renal em ratos síndrome de isquemia e reperfusão renal em ratos síndrome de isquemia e reperfusão renal em ratos Fifteen rats (Rattus norvegicus) were randomized into three groups (n = 5): Group Normality (GN), ControlIschemia and Reperfusion (GIR) and Group remote ischemic per-conditioning (GPER). With the exception of the GN group, all others underwent renal ischemia for 30 minutes. In group GPER we performed the ischemic remote per-conditioning, consisting of three cycles of ischemia and reperfusion applied every five minutes during the ischemic period, to the left hindlimb of the rats by means of a tourniquet. To quantify the lesions we measured serum levels of creatinine and urea, as well as analyzed renal histopathology. Results Results ResultsResults Results: The GPER group presented with better levels of urea (83.74 ± 14.58%) and creatinine (0.72 ± 26.14%) when compared to GIR group, approaching the GN group. Histopathologically, the lower levels of medullary congestion and hydropic degeneration were found in group GPER. Conclusion Conclusion Conclusion Conclusion Conclusion: The remote ischemic per-conditioning had a significant protective effect on renal ischemia and reperfusion.

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“…PER and POS appear to share similar pathways, such as the activation of the reperfusion injury salvage kinase pathway 21,23 . However, previous studies demonstrated that they might also have unique mechanisms.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This technique led to a pronounced protection to the myocardium against the deleterious effects of the ischemia and reperfusion. Since then, this technique has been demonstrated to protect brain, liver, myocardium and kidney from the IR syndrome in various animal models and in clinical settings [16][17][18][19][20][21] .…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perconditioning combined with postconditioning on kidney ischemia and reperfusion

et al. 2017

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Purpose: To evaluate if combination of perconditioning and postconditioning provides improved renal protection compared to perconditioning alone in a model of renal reperfusion injury. Methods: Thirty rats were assigned into 6 groups: normality; sham; ischemia and reperfusion; postconditioning; perconditioning; perconditioning + postconditioning. Animals were subjected to right nephrectomy and left renal ischemia for 30 minutes. Postconditioning consisted of 3 cycles of 5 min renal perfusion followed by 5 min of renal ischemia after major ischemic period. Perconditioning consisted of 3 cycles of 5 min hindlimb ischemia followed by 5 min of hindlimb perfusion contemporaneously to renal major ischemic period. After 24 hours, kidney was harvested and blood collected to measure urea and creatinine. Results: Perconditioning obtained better values for creatinine and urea level than only postconditioning (p<0.01); performing both techniques contemporaneously had no increased results (p>0.05). Regarding tissue structure, perconditioning was the only technique to protect the glomerulus and tubules (p<0.05), while postconditioning protected only the glomerulus (p<0.05). Combination of both techniques shows no effect on glomerulus or tubules (p>0.05). Conclusions: Perconditioning had promising results on ischemia and reperfusion induced kidney injury, enhanced kidney function and protected glomerulus and tubules. There was no additive protection when postconditioning and perconditioning were combined.

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Combined local ischemic postconditioning and remote perconditioning recapitulate cardioprotective effects of local ischemic preconditioning

Cited by 77 publications

References 54 publications

Expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in muscle flaps treated with ischemic postconditioning

Expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in muscle flaps treated with ischemic postconditioning

Efeito protetor do per-condicionamento isquêmico remoto nas lesões da síndrome de isquemia e reperfusão renal em ratos

Perconditioning combined with postconditioning on kidney ischemia and reperfusion

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