Coffee Brews: Are They a Source of Macroelements in Human Nutrition?

Abstract

Coffee brews, made by pouring water on coffee grounds or brewing in an espresso machine, are among the most popular beverages. The aim of this study was to summarize data on the content of macroelements (sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus) in coffee brews prepared with different methods, as well as to review the factors influencing the content of the elements. Studies from 2000 to 2020, published in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases, were reviewed. Taking into account the results presented by the authors, we calculated that one portion of coffee brew can cover 7.5% or 6.4% (for women and men) and 6.6% of the daily requirement for magnesium and potassium, respectively. Coffee provides slightly lower amounts of phosphorus (up to 2.2%), sodium (up to 2.2%), and calcium (up to 0.7% of the daily requirement for women and 0.6% for men). If coffee is drunk in the quantity of three to four cups, it can be an important source of magnesium, considering the risk of magnesium deficiency in modern societies.

Metabolic Disorders in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection: Coffee as a Panacea? (ANRS CO22 Hepather Cohort)

“…It has been postulated that the hypotensive feature of coffee could be attributed to chlorogenic acids through a cortisol-lowering effect [ 66 ]. Moreover, coffee is a source of magnesium, potassium, manganese, and niacin [ 67 , 68 , 69 ], which may all participate in this blood pressure-lowering effect.…”

The Examination of the Influence of Caffeinated Coffee Consumption on the Concentrations of Serum Prolactin and Selected Parameters of the Oxidative-Antioxidant Balance in Young Adults: A Preliminary Report

“…The results of some studies have confirmed the positive influence of magnesium in combating the effects of oxidative stress [ 79 ] and state that magnesium deficiency is accompanied by increased levels of oxidative stress markers, such as products of lipids, proteins, and DNA oxidative modification [ 80 ]. Olechno et al [ 74 ] showed that instant coffee has a lower magnesium content than other types of coffee. Analyses of NHANES 2011–2016 Data made by Rehm et al [ 75 ] showed that the supply of magnesium increases with the amount of caffeinated coffee consumed ( p < 0.001), but in the present study, no significant changes in magnesium levels between analyzed time points were observed, neither in women nor men.…”

“…In vitro studies suggest a relationship between the occurrence of oxidative stress and the increased concentration of calcium in cell cytoplasm due to disturbed thiol homeostasis increasing the flow of calcium from the endoplasmic reticulum through cell membranes to the cytosol of the cell [71,72]. In an extensive review by Olechno et al [74], instant coffee was reported to contain high amounts of calcium, 12 Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity but our results do not support this statement-a significant increase in calcium concentration was observed only in men at time point 120'. Analyses of NHANES 2011-2016 data by Rehm et al [75] have also reported that there was no association between coffee consumption and calcium supply.…”

Cardioprotective effects of coffee

“…As a result of its stimulating properties and taste, it has gained popularity all over the world, and its consumption is systematically increasing. [1] It is served in different ways, with various additives, such as milk, sweeteners, ice cream or flavored syrups, but it retains its greatest health benefits without them. [4] Coffee, in addition to caffeine, contains macroelements such as sodium, potassium, magnesium and phosphorus and may be an overlooked source of these elements in the diet.…”