Clinical Epidemiological Study of 171 Cases of Cryptococcosis

Rozenbaum, Ronaldo; Gonçalves, Adrelírio José Rios

doi:10.1093/clinids/18.3.369

Cited by 217 publications

(146 citation statements)

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“…Association with culture increases the possibilities of correctly identifying the etiological agent, which is rather important for doing an on time diagnosis of the disease (41)(42)(43)(44)(45). We found a high positivity of direct examination and culture for the diagnosis of cryptococcosis (81.4%), which may imply that these two techniques must be done regularly in samples recovered from patients who are suspicious of having an inflammatory CNS illness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Criptococosis en Colombia: resultados de la encuesta nacional, 2006-2010

et al. 2012

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Introduction: A survey on cryptococcosis is being conducted regularly in Colombia since 1997. We present hereby the results corresponding to patients diagnosed from 2006 to 2010. Objective: To analyze the data obtained during this period. Materials and methods:Retrospective analysis of the corresponding surveys. Results: A total of 526 surveys originating from 72% of the Colombian political divisions were received during the 5-year period. Most patients (76.6%) were males and 74.9% were 21-50 years old. The most prevalent risk factor was HIV infection (83.5%) with cryptococcosis defining AIDS in 23% of the cases. In the general population the estimated mean annual incidence rate for cryptococcosis was 2.4 x 10 6 inhabitants while in AIDS patients this rate rose to 3.3 x 10 3 . In 474 surveys stating clinical features, most frequent complaints were headache 84.5%, fever 63.4%, nausea and vomiting 57.5%, mental alterations 46.3%, meningeal signs 33.0%, cough 26.4% and visual alterations 24.5%. Neurocryptococcosis was recorded in 81.8% of the cases. Laboratory diagnosis was based on direct examination, culture and latex in 29.3% cases. From 413 Cryptococcus isolates analyzed, 95.6% were identified as C. neoformans var. grubii, 1% C. neoformans var. neoformans, and 3.4% C. gattii. Treatment was reported for 71.6% of the cases with amphotericin B alone or in combination with fluconazole prescribed in 28%. Conclusions: Surveys done through passive surveillance continue to be sentinel markers for HIV infection and represent a systematic approach to the study of opportunistic problems regularly afflicting AIDS patients since cryptococcosis requires no compulsory notification in Colombia. Author contributions:Patricia Escandón: played an important role in writing and preparing the manuscript, in charge of the surveillance at the Instituto Nacional de Salud, controlled receipt of questionnaires. Catalina de Bedout: in charge of the mycological diagnosis for all Corporación para Investigaciones Biológicas cases, established links with physicians in charge of patients, controlled receipt of questionnaires and performed the susceptibility testing in all isolates. Jairo Lizarazo: physician in charge of the patients from Norte de Santander, checked the questionnaire's contents for medical accuracy, analyzed the data through statistical analysis. Clara Inés Agudelo: worked all long in the surveillance study, played an important role in preparation of the manuscript and in the analysis of the data, including statistical tests. Ángela Tobón: examined many of the Corporación para Investigaciones Biológicas patients, filled in the corresponding questionnaires, supervised the clinical aspects of most patients and served as a consultant for other physicians in charge of cryptococcosis patients. Solmara Bello: in charge of the mycological diagnosis for Instituto Nacional de Salud cases. Ángela Restrepo: surveillance of the whole program, contacting physicians and serving as consultant for all participants, analyzing data, writing of ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Criptococosis en Colombia: resultados de la encuesta nacional, 2006-2010

et al. 2012

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“…The majority of C. neoformans isolates recovered from HIV-positive patients have been serotype A and a similar prevalence has been found among patients that have developed the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome 3,19,26,27,31 . According to LAZERA et al, 1993 15 some sources of C. neoformans around the urban perimeter of Rio de Janeiro city, RJ, Brazil, have been verified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…Additionally, they reported serotype A (77.95%), B (18.2%), AD (1.3%), D (0.4%) and C (0.2%) on clinical samples. It has been reported worldwide the association of C. neoformans serotype A with cryptococcosis, among HIV-positive individuals 3,26,27,31 . However, this fact must be better studied using molecular epidemiology methods in order to establish the direct relationship between the disease and the serotype.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cryptococcosis has been responsible for great morbidity and mortality rates among patients with Aids 7,27,28 , considered the fourth most common infection in the immunocompromised individuals 11 . The majority of C. neoformans isolates recovered from HIV-positive patients have been serotype A and a similar prevalence has been found among patients that have developed the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome 3,19,26,27,31 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cryptococcus neoformans strains isolated from church towers in Rio de Janeiro City, RJ, Brazil

Baroni

Paula

Silva

et al. 2006

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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SUMMARYCryptococcosis has been a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with Aids. Many reservoirs of the agent Cryptococcus neoformans have been reported, but the ecology of this yeast must be elucidated in order to establish surveillance programs and to prevent infections. The objective of this study was to evaluate the presence of C. neoformans in Rio de Janeiro City, RJ, Brazil. Ten churches were selected for sampling and detection of the yeast collecting pigeon dropping, air samples from church towers and neighboring areas during one year. The data demonstrated that C. neoformans has been present in every church selected and was present in 37.8% of 219 pigeon dropping samples. As well as, the yeast was isolated from soil, insects, eggs, pigeon nests and feathers. Fifteen air samples (4.9%) were positive. The growth on C.G.B. medium showed that all strains belonged to C. neoformans var. neoformans, with 98.8% of the strains belonging to serotype A.

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“…Cryptococcosis, also known as torulosis, Busse -Buschke's disease and European blastomycosis is a cosmopolitan illness, with opportunist behavior 2,11,12,14,20,24,29 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disseminated cutaneous cryptococcosis in a patient with AIDS

Dinato

Dinato²,

Nakanishi³

et al. 2006

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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SUMMARYThe authors study a patient carrying Aids, with exuberant dermatological manifestations of cryptococcosis. They stress the therapeutic effectiveness of short-term amphotericin B. The authors reviewed cases of cutaneous infection with Cryptococcus reported in the national and international literature, verifying that the frequency has increased with the AIDS epidemic. Also, they discuss about the differential diagnosis with some cases of dermatosis, particularly with the disseminated giant molluscum contagiosum. In relation to the therapy, they affirm that the choice of drug depends on the organ involved, as well as the immune state of the patient.

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Clinical Epidemiological Study of 171 Cases of Cryptococcosis

Cited by 217 publications

References 1 publication

Criptococosis en Colombia: resultados de la encuesta nacional, 2006-2010

Criptococosis en Colombia: resultados de la encuesta nacional, 2006-2010

Cryptococcus neoformans strains isolated from church towers in Rio de Janeiro City, RJ, Brazil

Disseminated cutaneous cryptococcosis in a patient with AIDS

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