Chitinase levels in rice cultivars correlate with resistance to the sheath blight pathogen Rhizoctonia solani

Abstract

Various rice cultivars were selected and screened for their reaction to sheath blight in the greenhouse. Cluster analysis of percent relative lesion height (% RLH) generated four groups of cultivars with a coefficient of similarity of 3.27. Chitinase activities were detected 24 h after inoculation of moderately resistant cvs Betichikon, Dudruchi, Khatochalani, Padi Pulut Malat, Kakua, IR72, Khakibinni. But in the susceptible cv. IR58, chitinase activity was detected only 36 h after inoculation. Western blot analysis showed that class 1 and class 2 chitinases were induced following Rhizoctonia solani infection of these cultivars. The % RLH and the number of infection cushions were negatively correlated with the level of chitinase activity. Moderately resistant rice cultivars had higher levels of chitinase activity and lower disease severity and numbers of infection cushions formed compared to IR58.

Induction of β-1,3-glucanase and chitinase inVigna aconitifoliainoculated withMacrophomina phaseolina

“…This is similar to the results observed by Shrestha et al (2008) that healthy plants had low to undetectable levels of 28-and 35-kDa chitinases. However, after infection with Rhizoctonia solani, the level of 28-and 35-kDa chitinases increased substantially in all cultivars tested indicating that these were induced after infection.…”

Evaluating Sheath Blight Resistance in Rice Using Detached Tiller and Field Screening Method

“…Betichikon was also reported to be susceptible with respect to physiological resistance . Dudruchi also showed medium-high level of susceptibility to ShB, whereas it was also known for relatively higher level of ShB resistance (Shrestha et al 2008). Teqing and Khato-chalani, which are considered as varieties with high levels of partial resistance, were in general, associated to intermediate to medium levels of disease intensity in the study, which may indicate a larger tolerance to the disease (Zadoks et al 1979).…”

“…Jasmine-85 and Betichikon (Shrestha et al 2008) were reported to have higher level of resistance to sheath blight, but had high levels of disease intensity with respect to the number of lesions per tiller, disease severity and VSC. Betichikon was also reported to be susceptible with respect to physiological resistance .…”

“…To date, no variety has been found to be immune to R. solani, although cultivars with varying levels of resistance were reported (Khush 1977, Groth and Novick 1992, Zou et al 2000, Shrestha et al 2008, Hossain et al 2014, Zou et al 2014. Resistance to Shb is a complex, quantitative trait controlled by polygenes (Sha and Zhu 1990, Li et al 1995, Pinson et al 2005.…”

Expression of Class II Chitinase Gene in Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) as Response to Fusarium oxysporum Pathogen Attack

“…The chitinase was up-regulated in resistant plant of wheat, rice, grape and Acacia coa (Mohammadi et al, 2002;Shrestha et al, 2008;Vasanthaiah et al, 2010;Rushanaedy et al, 2012) but there was no increase in the susceptible plant. Shrestha et al (2008) and Orlowska et al (2012) showed that chitinase gene was induced in both resistant and susceptible plant but was induced at earlier time point in resistant compared to susceptible plant. According to that research studies, the chitinase gene is used to molecular biomarker in plant resistance against pathogenic fungi (Orlowska et al, 2012;Rushanaedy et al, 2012).…”