Aseptic loosening of femoral components – A review of current and future trends in materials used

Material selection in the design of the tibia tray component of cemented artificial knee using finite element method

“…This need for developing new biomaterials, alternative combinations of biomaterials, and biomaterials with multi-functional properties will overcome the shortcomings of current metals, ceramics and polymers. Such developed materials should improve knee implants by simultaneously minimizing the wear debris, relative micro-motion and stress shielding effect [13].…”

Aseptic loosening of femoral components – Materials engineering and design considerations

“…Accordingly, the Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio can be calculated from Eqs. (3)(4)(5) [89]: Poisson's ratios for alumina and titanium, respectively. A FGBM, consisting of ceramic (alumina) and metal (titanium alloy), offers several potential benefits such as corrosion and wear resistances of ceramics and high toughness, high strength and machinability of metals.…”

“…In this area, the number of promising biomedical materials is rapidly growing, mainly, to avoid the occurrence of implant failure and for better performance. Among the materials developed, metals and alloys such as new generation of Ti alloys, NiTi shape memory alloys, metallic glasses and porous metals [5][6][7], engineering ceramics including alumina-zirconia composites, oxidized zirconium and nonoxide ceramics [8,9], and polymeric materials such as UHMWPE-fiberreinforced high density polyethylene combined with a surface of UHMWPE, poly-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK), carbon fiber-reinforced PEEK (CFR-PEEK) [10][11][12][13][14][15][16], are believed to be high potential materials in orthopedics. On the other hand, implant design modifications are always carried out (from simple design to complex shape similar to biological organs) to prevent any failure response.…”

Corrosion behavior of Ti–39Nb alloy for dentistry

“…Nevertheless, these materials suffer from a high degree of biomechanical incompatibility caused by their high elastic modulus (~105 GPa) compared to cortical bone (10-25 GPa) [2]. As per Wolff's law [3], the bone tissue cannot regenerate, and the mechanical bond between the bone and the implant can eventually be lost [4,5]. Furthermore, Vanadium and Aluminum have been proven to have negative immunological influence in humans [6][7][8].…”