Antioxidant and antifungal activities ofSmilax campestrisGriseb. (Smilacaceae)

Abstract

Ethanol extract and fractions obtained from aerial parts of Smilax campestris were examined in order to determine their phenolic composition, antioxidant capacity and antifungal activities. High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with DAD analysis indicated that quercetin and rutin were the main phenolic compounds present in butanol fraction and ethanol extract, respectively. The antioxidant activity assessed by the scavenging ability on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical was significantly more pronounced for the ethanol extract and butanol fraction than that of the commercial antioxidant 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol. The antifungal activity of extract and fractions was investigated by using microdilution method against five Candida and two Cryptococcus yeast strains. Ethanol extract and fractions exhibited antifungal activities against Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida krusei, Candida parapsilosis, Candida tropicalis and Cryptococcus gattii. This work provides the knowledge of profile and content of flavonoids and their antioxidant and antifungal activities in the extract and fractions of aerial parts of S. campestris.

Galls on Smilax campestris Griseb. (Smilacaceae) protect the insects against restinga constraints, but do not provide enriched nutrition

“…The lipidic nature of the cuticle is essential to prevent an excessive water loss through the epidermis (Schönherr 1982). Even though Morais et al (2014) have reported the absence of tannins in S. campestris, we currently detect such metabolites by histochemical tests in the subepidermal layers of leaves and galls and attribute it to the stressful conditions to which the population of the PEA is subjected (Melo-Júnior and Boeger 2016; Ferreira et al 2017b).…”

Antioxidant, Antibacterial, Cytotoxic, and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of the Leaves ofSolanum lycocarpumA. St. Hil. (Solanaceae)

“…The total flavonoid contents were estimated according to the Dowd method [ 16 ], with modifications. Exactly 2 mL of 2% aluminum trichloride (AlCl 3 ) in methanol was mixed with the same volume of the extract or fraction solution (1.0 mg/mL).…”

Phenolic Compounds in Genus Smilax (Sarsaparilla)

“…The air-dried and sliced rhizomes were extracted by maceration with methanol over 24 h. The extract was evaporated and re-dissolved in water and partitioned successively with dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and butanol. The butanol fraction was subjected to column chromatography and six new phenolic compounds were isolated and identified: two flavan3ol glucosides (13,14), one stilbene (15) (Figure 4) and three phenylpropanoid glycosides (16)(17)(18) (Figure 5). In the same study, Li et al evaluated antioxidant activity of the six smilasides using the DPPH • radical scavenging activity.…”

“…Rugna et al reported antioxidant activity from 50% aqueous methanol extract from S. campestris rhizomes; the activity was expressed as total reactive potential (TRAP) [5]. Morais et al obtained an ethanol extract by maceration and fractions from fresh stems of S. campestris [17]. The ethanol extract was concentrated, and the dried extract was redissolved in aqueous ethanol (7:3) and partitioned with hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and butanol.…”

“…Four flavonols (three aglycones and one glucoside), three flavanones (one aglycone and two glycosides) and one phenylpropanoid ester isolated from S. bockii roots.antioxidant activity and was higher than Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), a commercial antioxidant. Also, Morais et al reported that rutin (25) (Figure 6) and quercetin (7)(Figure 3)flavonol glycosides were the most abundant phenolic compounds present in ethanol extract and butanol fraction, respectively[17].…”