Análise Comparativa de Estudos sobre Bem-Estar Subjetivo no Brasil: Aspectos Epistemológicos, Metodológicos e Teóricos

Abstract

Por meio do conceito do bem-estar subjetivo a ciência tem investigado a felicidade, testando modelos teóricos, levantando evidências empíricas e apontando um caminho para o estudo científico de um fenômeno caracterizado pela subjetividade. O objetivo desse artigo é analisar crítica e comparativamente as dimensões epistemológicas e metodológicas adotadas nas pesquisas nacionais sobre o bem-estar subjetivo, assim como avaliar de que forma esse construto é conceituado e trabalhado nessas pesquisas. Para essa finalidade realizou-se uma revisão sistemática da literatura no Portal de Periódicos Capes, utilizando o descritor em língua portuguesa "bem-estar subjetivo". Observou-se o predomínio de pesquisas com abordagem quantitativa em uma construção epistemológica, prezando pela objetividade do conhecimento sobre o bem-estar subjetivo. Assim como delineamentos metodológicos marcados pela exploração nomológica das teorias e interpretação indutivo-estatística dos resultados.

Psychometric Properties of Children’s Subjective Well-Being Scales: a Multigroup Study Investigating School Type, Gender, Age and Region of Children in the South and Southeast Regions of Brazil

“…Other studies conducted with adults have shown that higher levels of SWB are associated with higher levels of creativity, satisfactory social relationships, self-esteem and resilience (Diener et al, 2018). Studies focused on children's SWB are less frequent which restrict the knowledge about children's SWB and the variables associated with it (Gross-Manos et al, 2015;Medeiros & Martins, 2020).…”

Children’s Subjective Well-Being, Peer Relationships and Resilience: An Integrative Literature Review

“…The focus have been on virtues and strengths without disregarding the relevance of trauma, suffering and difficulties faced by individuals and groups. Subjective well-being is a multidimensional construct whose components involve negative and positive affect and cognitive elements related to the perception of life satisfaction (Diener, 2000;Medeiros & Martins, 2020). Defined as a perception of the individual's internal experience about their own lives, SWB can be assessed by scales that consider the above components: the two affective dimensions and life satisfaction (Hutz, 2014;Medeiros & Martins, 2020).…”

“…Subjective well-being is a multidimensional construct whose components involve negative and positive affect and cognitive elements related to the perception of life satisfaction (Diener, 2000;Medeiros & Martins, 2020). Defined as a perception of the individual's internal experience about their own lives, SWB can be assessed by scales that consider the above components: the two affective dimensions and life satisfaction (Hutz, 2014;Medeiros & Martins, 2020). SWB has gained more attention during the recent decades, not only with regard to investigations about the factors that influence it, but also with regard to its consequences, such as: better job performance, more satisfactory social relationships, greater creativity, self-esteem, longevity and resilience (Diener et al, 2018).…”

“…Although SWB is a phenomenon most frequently studied in the adult population, there is a growing interest in its occurrence in childhood (Ben-Arieh, 2010;Sarriera et al, 2018). A recent review of the Brazilian literature revealed that among 15 analyzed articles, only 4 addressed the topic in children and adolescents (Medeiros & Martins, 2020). Past research on children's well-being considers the multidimensionality of the construct based on investigations with adults, pointing out objective indicators for its assessment, including: the environment, behavior, material resources, education, health, and psychosocial well-being.…”