Adubação Nitrogenada Em Pessegueiros ‘Aurora’ E ‘Chimarrita’

Abstract

ResumoObjetivou-se determinar a fonte e a dose de Nitrogênio (N) para produção de pêssegos 'Aurora' e 'Chimarrita' na Região Sul de Santa Catarina. Como fonte de N, usou-se nitrato de cálcio e uréia, nas doses 0, 50, 100 e 150 kg de N/ha. As fontes de N não influenciaram a produção de frutos e o crescimento vegetativo. As doses de N tiveram efeito sobre a produção de frutos e o vigor das plantas, sendo que as sem adubação apresentaram menor crescimento vegetativo, menor tamanho de fruto e maior número de gemas por centimetro de ramo. As doses de 50 e 100 kg/ha de N apresentaram, para os dois cultivares, maior massa do fruto e doses de 150 kg/ha de N reduziram a massa do fruto e aumentaram o crescimento vegetativo.Palavras-chave: Produção de pêssego, Nutrição, Sistema de produção. AbstractThe study was conducted to determine the source and dose of nitrogen (N) to be used in the production of peaches 'Aurora' and 'Chimarrita' in the South of Santa Catarina. We used two sources of N, Calcium Nitrate (12% N in the form Nitrica) and urea (45% N as ammonium) at dosages of 0, 50, 100 and 150 kg/ha. The different sources of N did not affect the production of fruit or the plant growth. However, different doses of N had no effect on fruit production and plant vigor. Plants not fertilized with N have lower vegetative growth, reduced fruit size and higher number of buds per cm branch. Doses of 50 and 100 kg/ha for both cultivars showed higher fruit weight and doses of 150 kg/ha reduced fruit mass and increased vegetative growth. keywords: Peach production, Nutrition, Production System Introdução O pessegueiro, originário da China, pertence à família Rosácea, gênero Prunus (L.) e, dentre as espécies, Prunus persica Batsch é a mais importante. É planta típica de clima temperado, vigorosa, possui sistema radicular bem desenvolvido que explora principalmente a camada entre 0,2m e 1,0m de profundidade (PENTEADO, 1988).

Fertilizer Maintenance Nitrogen in Vegetative Development and Production of Peach

“…The average height of the plants was influenced by nitrogen fertilization, and the plants that received 100 and 200 kg ha-1 had the highest average heights (275.13 and 288.67 cm, respectively) in relation to the control treatment (220,77 cm) (Table 3). These data are in agreement with the results obtained by Della Bruna et al (2014), where they verified increase in height of the plants with the supply of N. According to Nunes et al (2008), the highest percentages of N in plant tissues contribute to higher growth in height, diameter, leaf area, fresh biomass, and dry shoot.…”

“…Della Bruna et al (2014) showed that N promoted an increase of the mass of branches, increasing the intensity of the green pruning, that is to say, the different doses of N significantly influenced the pruned fresh mass. The average height of the plants was influenced by nitrogen fertilization, and the plants that received 100 and 200 kg ha-1 had the highest average heights (275.13 and 288.67 cm, respectively) in relation to the control treatment (220,77 cm) (Table 3).…”

“…The highest number of buds per cm of the genotypes 'BRS Rubimel' (2,24) and 'BRS Kampai' (2,02) differed from 'Cascade 805' (1,74) (Table 3) In the present work, it was observed that in the three genotypes the fresh mass of pruned material is directly proportional to the dose of N. There was an interaction between the studied factors, and the plants that received the highest dose were those with the highest mass pruning green (Table 3). Della Bruna et al (2014) showed that N promoted an increase of the mass of branches, that is, the different doses of N significantly influenced the pruned fresh mass.…”

“…The main components of production in a peach tree are the number of fruits per plant and the mass of these fruits at maturity, both variables strongly influenced by nitrogen (N) (DELLA BRUNA et al, 2014), as this nutrient affects the growth of branches in size and /or number (DOLINSKI et al, 2005).…”

Nitrogen fertilization associated with cold storage and its impacts on the maintenance of peach quality

“…Therefore, N fertilization is essential to peach trees, since it may interfere in aspects related to vegetative growth, productivity and fruit quality (DOLINSKI et al, 2005;FALGUERA et al, 2012;FERREIRA et al, 2018;DOLINSKI et al, 2018). N excess may stimulate vegetative growth of peach trees (DELLA BRUNA;BACK, 2014;FERREIRA et al, 2018), while N deficiency may affect plant photosynthesis (LEAL et al, 2007). N fertilization may also exert influence on qualitative characteristics of fruits, such as size (DELLA BRUNA; BACK, 2014), epidermis color (BARRETO et al, 2017), pulp firmness, soluble solid content (CAMPOS et al, 1996), phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity (FERREIRA et al, 2016;BARRETO et al, 2017;VASHISTH et al, 2017) and carotenoid content (FERREIRA et al, 2016).…”