Activity of Ocimum sanctum Leaf Extract against Aedes aegypti Larvae: Midgut Histopathological Alteration

Tegal district is a dengue-endemic area. One of the strategies to control Ae. aegypti is the use of insecticides. The determination of insecticide resistance in a dengue-endemic area is useful for supporting policies for Ae. aegypti control program. The aim of this study is to determine the susceptibility of Ae. aegypti in Tegal district, Central Java. Aedes aegypti larvae were collected from June to July 2018. Susceptibility bioassay of Ae. aegypti larvae against temephos and Ae. aegypti female against permethrin were conducted refers to the WHO protocol. The susceptibility of Ae. aegypti was interpreted based on WHO protocol as well. The mortality of Ae. aegypti larvae were at 0.025 ppm by 90%. The LC50 at 0.0005 ppm, and LC99 at 1.1037 ppm, respectively. The mortality rate of Ae. aegypti against permethrin was 26%. The LT50 at 6611.636 minutes, and LT99 at 5958807.272 minutes, respectively. The susceptibility of Ae. aegypti larvae were possible resistant but adult Ae. aegypti was resistant.

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“…25 Also, the use of plant extracts could be an alternative to kill Ae. aegypti larvae 26 and the adult stage. 27…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Susceptibility of Aedes aegypti In Dengue Endemic Areas, Tegal, Central Java Indonesia

Kresnadi

Amin

Ariq

et al. 2021

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“…7 Berbagai senyawa kimia dalam tanaman yang berpotensi sebagai larvasida, antara lain sianida, saponin, tannin, flavonoid, alkaloid, minyak atsiri, dan steroid. 4 Daun kemangi (Ocimum sanctum Linn) diketahui memiliki senyawa kimia yang berpotensi sebagai larvasida, antara lain tannin, eugenol, flavonoid, minyak atsiri, asam heksauronat, saponin, pentose, xilosa, asam metal homosiat, mulludistin, asam ursolat 4,9,12 dan methyl clavical. 8 Ahmad et al menyatakan bahwa ekstrak daun kemangi dengan metode evaporasi pada konsentrasi 60% efektif membunuh larva Ae.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Efektivitas Ekstrak Daun Kemangi (Ocimum sanctum Linn) Terhadap Mortalitas Larva Aedes aegypti

Tamtama

Wardani²,

Almanfaluthi³

et al. 2023

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Basil leaf (Ocimum sanctum Linn) are known to have the ability as natural larvicides because there are various compounds including tannins, eugenol, flavonoids, essential oils, hexauronic acid, saponins, pentose, xylose, metal homocytic acid, mulludistin, ursolic acid and methyl clavical. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of basil leaf extract (O. sanctum Linn) on mortality of Aedes agypti larvae. This research is a true experimental type with posttest only with control group design. Aedes aegypti larvae obtained from Balitbangkes Banjarnegara were used in this study as many as 450 larvae. This study consisted of 6 groups with 2 control groups (positive control/temefos 1% and negative control/distilled water) and 4 other groups receiving treatment with basil leaf extract concentrations of 1.5%, 1.8%, 2.1%, and 2.4%. Each group contained 25 larvae of Ae. aegypti with three repetitions and observation time with 10th, 40th, 60th, 120th, 240, 720, and 1440 minute intervals. Larval mortality of Ae. aegypti occurred from the 120th minute with a concentration of 2.4% with a mortality percentage of 5.6%. The results of the Kruskal Wallis test showed that there were differences in the mortality of Ae. aegypti at 60, 120, 240, 720, and 1440 minutes. The LC50 value was 2.329% at 720 minutes while the LC90 test was 7.043% at 720 minutes. Basil leaf extract has not been effective as a larvicide because mortality occurred from the 120th minute.

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“…16 Sedangkan ekstrak metanol daun kemangi (Ocimum sanctum) mengandung senyawa fenol, tannin, flavonoid, saponin, terpenoid, alkaloid, glikosida dan minyak atsiri. 17,18 Hasil penelitian ini didukung dengan penelitian 11 , dimana alkaloid, flavonoid, tannin, saponin, terpenoid, minyak atsiri bersifat toksik meskipun pada konsentrasi yang kecil. Senyawa-senyawa metabolit sekunder tersebut bersifat sebagai agen pembunuh (killing agent) yang masuk ke dalam lalat rumah dengan cara mengganggu sistem pernafasan dan sistem saraf.…”

Section: Hasil Dan Pembahasanunclassified

Potensi Daun Kumis Kucing (Orthosiphon stamineus) dan Daun Kemangi (Ocimum sanctum) Sebagai Pestisida Nabati Terhadap Lalat Rumah (Musca domestica)

Surahmaida

2022

Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia

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Latar belakang: Penyakit yang disebabkan lalat rumah (Musca domestica) masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat. Upaya pengendalian lalat rumah tersebut umumnya menggunakan pestisida kimia namun meninggalkan residu yang berdampak buruk bagi kesehatan dan lingkungan. Untuk itu dikembangkan pestisida nabati dengan memanfaatkan tanaman seperti kumis kucing (Orthosiphon stamineus) dan kemangi (Ocimum sanctum) sebagai solusi alternatif yang ramah bagi lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi daun kumis kucing dan daun kemangi dalam mengendalikan lalat rumah.Metode: Tahapan penelitian eksperimental yang dilakukan bulan November 2021 ini meliputi pembuatan ekstraksi daun kumis kucing (Orthosiphon stamineus) dan daun kemangi (Ocimum sanctum) dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut metanol, dilanjutkan pembuatan konsentrasi yaitu 5%, 10%, 20%, 30% dan 40%, dan uji toksisitas terhadap lalat rumah menggunakan metode knockdown. Tiap perlakuan toples sebagai kandang uji berisi 25 lalat rumah dan direplikasi 3 kali. Ekstrak bahan uji disemprotkan ke dalam masing-masing toples uji sebanyak 2 kali semprot (1 semprot @ 0,5 ml). Lalu dihitung jumlah lalat yang jatuh (knockdown).Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi 10% ekstrak kemangi pada menit ke-10 dan konsentrasi 10% ekstrak kumis kucing menghasilkan efek knockdown sebesar 100% terhadap lalat rumah setelah diaplikasikan.Simpulan: Dapat disimpulkan bahwa daun kumis kucing dan daun kemangi memiliki aktivitas sebagai pestisida nabati terhadap lalat rumah ABSTRACT Title: The Potentials Of Cat Whiskers Leaves (Orthosiphon stamineus) And Basil Leaves (Ocimum sanctum) as Plant-Based Pesticide Against House Flies (Musca domestica)Background: Diseases caused by house flies (Musca domestica) are still a public health problem. These house fly control efforts generally use chemical pesticides but leave residues that have a negative impact on health and the environment. For this reason, plant-based pesticide were developed by utilizing plants such as cat whiskers (Orthosiphon stamineus) and basil (Ocimum sanctum) as an alternative solution that is friendly to the environment. This study aims to determine the potential of cat whiskers and basil leaves in controlling house flies. Method: The experimental research stage carried out in November 2021 includes the extraction of cat whiskers (Orthosiphon stamineus) and basil (Ocimum sanctum) leaves by maceration method using methanol solvent., followed by making concentration of 5%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40%, and the toxicity test against house flies using the knockdown method. Each treatment jar as a test cage contained 25 house flies and replicated 3 times. The extract of test material was sprayed into each test jar 2 times (1 spray@0,5 ml). Then count the number of flies that fall (knockdown). Result: The results showed that 10% concentrations of basil extract at 10 minutes and a 10% concentration of cat whiskers ectract produced a 100% knockdown effect on house flies after application.Conclusion: It can be concluded that cat whiskers and basil leaves have activity as plant-based pesticide against house flies.

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Activity of Ocimum sanctum Leaf Extract against Aedes aegypti Larvae: Midgut Histopathological Alteration

Cited by 6 publications

References 13 publications

The Susceptibility of Aedes aegypti In Dengue Endemic Areas, Tegal, Central Java Indonesia

The Susceptibility of Aedes aegypti In Dengue Endemic Areas, Tegal, Central Java Indonesia

Efektivitas Ekstrak Daun Kemangi (Ocimum sanctum Linn) Terhadap Mortalitas Larva Aedes aegypti

Potensi Daun Kumis Kucing (Orthosiphon stamineus) dan Daun Kemangi (Ocimum sanctum) Sebagai Pestisida Nabati Terhadap Lalat Rumah (Musca domestica)

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