A Nanohook‐Equipped Bionanocatalyst for Localized Near‐Infrared‐Enhanced Catalytic Bacterial Disinfection

Abstract

Novel bionanocatalysts have opened a new era in fighting multidrug‐resistant (MDR) bacteria. They can kill bacteria by elevating the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the presence of chemicals like H2O2. However, ROSs’ ultrashort diffusion distance limit their bactericidal activity. We present a nanohook‐equipped bionanocatalyst (Ni@Co‐NC) with bacterial binding ability that shows robust ROS‐generating capacity under physiological H2O2 levels. The Ni@Co‐NC's pH‐dependent performance confines its effects to the biofilm microenvironment, leaving healthy tissue unaffected. Furthermore, it can generate heat upon NIR laser irradiation, enhancing its catalytic performance while achieving heat ablation against bacteria. With the Ni@Co‐NC's synergistic effects, bacterial populations fall by >99.99 %. More surprisingly, the mature biofilm shows no recurrence after treatment with the Ni@Co‐NC, demonstrating its tremendous potential for treating MDR bacterial related infections.

Co‐delivery of Doxycycline, Florfenicol and Silver Nanoparticles using Alginate/Chitosan Nanocarriers

“…In recent years, nanotechnology has provided many potential solutions to overcome antibiotic resistance. [5] While some recent researches have shown new techniques involving nanocatalysts [6,7,8] nano drug delivery systems have still attracted much attention to overcome drug resistance because of their various advantages. They possess high surface area/ volume ratio, small size and unique interaction with host microorganisms and cells, ability to change their structure and function.…”

A self-powered and drug-free diabetic wound healing patch breaking hyperglycemia and low H2O2limitations and precisely sterilizing driven by electricity

“…The in vitro bactericidal effect of this patch was studied taking the E. coli (Gram-negative) and S. aureus (Gram-positive) as model bacteria. 9,10,31 For the E.coli without any treatment, their density in culture medium exhibited a slight increase within 3 h. In contrast, for the E. coli incubated with the GBFC-powered patch, their density in the culture medium rapidly decreased by ~80% (Figs. 3a, S9).…”

“…Next, we observed the viability of residual bacteria using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) via staining bacteria with a live/dead BacLight bacterial viability kit (green: living bacteria; red: dead bacteria). 6,9,13 Both of the E. coli and S. aureus incubated with GBFC-powered patch showed strong red fluorescence, signifying a decreased bacterial viability (Figs. 3c, 3d).…”

“…[6][7][8] Given this, the enzyme or enzyme-like catalysts, those can catalyze the decomposition of H 2 O 2 to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), have been widely used in designing antibacterial patches, as the ROS has proven to be able to achieve the goal of non-resistant sterilization. [9][10][11][12] Nevertheless, the catalystsbased antibacterial patches still face four formidable challenges in accelerating the diabetic wound healing: (i) the limited local H 2 O 2 source severely limits the antibacterial effect and durability; 1,13,14 (ii) the diffusion distance of ROS is known to be extremely short, resulting in a significantly reduced antibacterial activity; 9 (iii) the hyperglycemia is the root cause of bacterial infection spread, the reported antibacterial patches without glucose-lowering function are difficult to fundamentally eliminate the risk of bacterial infection and spread; 2,13 (IV) the surface proteins expressed by different species of bacteria are quite different, thereby, even combined with aptamer modification technology, it is still a great challenge for enzyme/enzyme-like catalysts to realize precise and broad-spectrum sterilization. 4,9,10 Taken together, an advanced diabetic wound treatment strategy should hold potential to break the above-mentioned limitations.…”

Enhanced antibacterial function of a supramolecular artificial receptor-modified macrophage (SAR-Macrophage)

“…10,11 On the other hand, numerous nanomaterials have been extensively studied as antibiotic carriers or to generate ROS to directly combat with bacteria. [12][13][14][15][16] In spite of the promising antibacterial activity, these nanomaterials still face a series of obstacles, including nonspecific toxicity and increased risk of drug resistance. Herein, through simply engineering the natural macrophage with artificial receptors that have specific, bioorthogonal recognition of bacteria may mitigate various risks, such as drug-resistance and undesirable side effects.…”