Co‐delivery of Doxycycline, Florfenicol and Silver Nanoparticles using Alginate/Chitosan Nanocarriers

Abstract

The overuse of antibiotics has led to the sharp increase of antibiotic-resistant bacteria that can consequently transmit and cause hard-to-cure human diseases. To deal with this problem, nano drug delivery systems have been widely researched. This report focuses on developing an Alginate/Chitosan-based nanosystem that carried simultaneously Doxycycline (DOX), Florfenicol (FLO), and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The optimal Alginate/Chitosan ratio of 3 : 2 (w/w) created the most stable nanocarrier system. The fabricated DOX-FLO@AgNPs had a spherical shape with a small size of about 20 nm and could release slowly DOX and FLO at pH of 7.4 and 5.0. In vitro drug release kinetics of DOX and FLO from DOX-FLO@AgNPs fitted best to the Weibull or Higuchi model by the mechanism of the Fickian or non-Fickian diffusion. The nanosystem of DOX-FLO@AgNPs had much lower IC 50 of 0.012 � 0.001 and 0.08 � 0.005 μg/mL against E.coli and B.subtilis, respectively, than the conventional form. The FIC 50 value of smaller than 0.5 μg/mL for 5 out of 6 tested bacteria also indicated the synergistic effect of each component in this antibiotic combination. Moreover, the cytotoxicity assay confirmed the viability of 96.4 � 2.3 % for vero cell line that exposured to the treatment dose. Therefore, these findings strongly suggest that the DOX-FLO@AgNPs formulation is promising for combined antibiotic drug delivery and silver nanoparticles, and will be worth investigating for further in vivo potential.

Comparative analysis of the physicochemical and anti-biofilm properties of iota and lambda carrageenan-capped silver nanocomposites synthesized using response surface methodology

“…16 The presence of silver nanoparticles has been discerned to enhance the thermal stabilities of biopolymers such as carrageenans, alginate, chitosan, and others. 33,65 In accordance with these results, it has been observed from TGA that the ι-CrgAgNPs and λ-CrgAgNPs have higher thermal stability than ι-Crg and λ-Crg. The interaction between carrageenan's functional groups and silver nanoparticles was investigated using FTIR and XPS, which revealed the involvement of –OH, C–O, –CH 2 , and –SO 3 groups, which is in good agreement with the recent reports published on Ag nanocomposites coated with various sulfated polysaccharides (kappa carrageenan, iota carrageenan, heparins, algal polysaccharides).…”

Multilayer immobilizing of denitrifying Bacillus sp. and TiO2–AgNPs on floating expanded clay carrier for co-treatment of nitrite and pathogens in aquaculture

“…40–42 Besides, the FTIR spectrum of TiO 2 –AgNPs also contained the typical peaks of polymer alginate at 3219 cm −1 , 1652 cm −1 , and 1338 cm −1 corresponding to the valence vibration of –OH (indicate the surface adsorbed OH groups of alginate), CO, and C–O–C group, respectively. 43 These shifts confirmed the success in the formation of TiO 2 –AgNPs. 44,45…”

Recent Reports on Polysaccharide-Based Materials for Drug Delivery

“…Among the composite systems studied, those based on chitosan and alginate are also of great importance. Literature data from the last few months indicate their numerous applications including e.g., mucus-penetrating nanoparticles with entrapped berberrine [ 172 ], ALG-coated chitosan nanoparticles for protein drugs’ [ 173 ] or tamoxifen citrate [ 174 ] protection, ALG/CS nanocarriers for co-delivery of doxycycline, florfenicol and silver nanoparticles [ 175 ], a nanoparticles-in-microparticles system for curcumin delivery [ 176 ], a physically and chemically crosslinked hydrogel composed of CS oligosaccharide and ALG for hydrophobic ketoprofen delivery [ 177 ] or CS/ALG microspheres loaded with quercetin [ 178 ]. On the other hand, Gierszewska et al [ 179 ] investigated pH-sensitive hydrogel membranes based on CS/ALG polyelectrolyte complex crosslinked by tripolyphosphate.…”