A Low-Cost, Portable, and Wireless In-Shoe System Based on a Flexible Porous Graphene Pressure Sensor

Cui, Tianrui; Yang, Le; Han, Xiaolin; Xu, Jiandong; Yang, Yi; Ren, Tian‐Ling

doi:10.3390/ma14216475

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The PGSPS, each connects data analysis unit to the FPC for testing the detecting interface, and the signal analysis unit interprets the impulses and transfers them to a smartphone program via Bluetooth to report gait data. The sensor can take 150 measurements per second during real-time monitoring, has a wide measuring range (0-150 kPa À 1 ), a response speed of 1.25 kPa/ms and high sensitivity of (1.05 kPa À 1 ) [93]. In another study, Li et al designed a flexible, highly precise, piezoelectric wearable sensing device using polythiophene (PT) Promoted-phase PVDF.…”

Section: Mechanicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering Design, Implementation, and Sensing Mechanisms of Wearable Bioelectronic Sensors in Clinical Settings

et al. 2022

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Wearable sensing devices have transformed the hourly analysis of events such as body signals and environmental risks into real‐time monitoring in minutes or seconds. Wearable sensors have facilitated the ability to obtain useful data by monitoring the physiological parameters and activities of an aided and a healthy individual. Wearable devices employ detectable biomarkers in the human body, such as in tears, saliva, interstitial fluid, sweat, and so on. These can deliver relevant information on human health, online activity monitoring, and therapeutic treatments. This section outlines the significance of sample types and associated biomarkers as indicators in the development and manufacturing of wearable biosensors. We have emphasized the most recent advances of wearables based on skin‐like and textile, giving attention to personalized health monitoring to record signals of motion and physiological and body fluid investigation. Furthermore, this review categorizes wearable biosensors based on the sensing mechanism, electrochemical, optical, and mechanical. Additionally, the recent wearables related to the detection of the newly havoc‐causing pandemic, COVID‐19, and the future perspective for the development of much more advanced and potent wearable biosensors have been highlighted. The final section highlights unmet difficulties and gaps in wearable sensors in personalized therapy.

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Section: Mechanicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering Design, Implementation, and Sensing Mechanisms of Wearable Bioelectronic Sensors in Clinical Settings

et al. 2022

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“…In addition, the structures of elastic matrixes and sensing materials are also designed to imitate natural biological structures, such as veins, human epidermis, human hair and animal skin. [100][101][102][103][104] Inspired by human skeletal muscle, Cui et al [105] prepared a pressure sensor using graphene solution impregnation method with styrene-butadiene rubber (Figure 7a). The sensor had a sensitivity of up to 1.05 kPa -1 and a measurement range of 0-150 kPa, it can be used to prepare the insole system to collect plantar pressure.…”

Section: Mechanicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inspired by human skeletal muscle, Cui et al. [ 105 ] prepared a pressure sensor using graphene solution impregnation method with styrene‐butadiene rubber ( Figure a). The sensor had a sensitivity of up to 1.05 kPa –1 and a measurement range of 0–150 kPa, it can be used to prepare the insole system to collect plantar pressure.…”

Section: Graphene Devices Toward Practical Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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From Materials to Devices: Graphene toward Practical Applications

et al. 2022

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ered the superconductivity phenomenon of magic angle of double-layer graphene, which opened a new chapter of research. Groundbreaking theoretical researches on graphene have emerged in a short period of more than ten years.Graphene is the hardest and thinnest material among 2D materials, [3] with very high light transmittance, high electron mobility, good thermal conductivity, and the ability to carry high current density. Based on these properties, it is widely used in flexible sensors, light-emitting devices, composite materials, energy, touch screens and high frequency electronics. [4][5][6][7][8] Therefore, graphene is regarded as a strategic emerging material in the 21st century. It is expected to become a landmark material in the era of human civilization after stone, bronze, steel, and silicon.According to the definition of International Organization Standardization (ISO), graphene can be monolayer, bilayer, multilayer (3-10 layers), or nanosheet (1-3 nanometers thick). As far as the raw materials, the quality of graphene produced in labs and factories varies. The ideal graphene is a perfect 2D honeycomb single crystal pure carbon material, while the actual graphene is a defective polycrystalline film or powder piled up by single crystal fragments. In 2018, Kauling et al. [9] tested and analyzed the product quality of sixty graphene manufacturers from the Americas, Europe, and Asia. The results show that the qualities of graphene products are far less than expected. Most companies only produce graphite microplatelets with very small particles rather than graphene. Thus, most of the potential application cannot be realized in these products.Graphene has gradually emerged as products in the market in recent years. Following the first application of graphene film in cellphone, the first 5th generation mobile communication technology tablet in China, was released in May 2020 with ultrathick 3D graphene cooling technology. Besides, the rapid spread of COVID-19 in 2020 led to the withdrawal of global medical resources, has inspired new application fields of graphene, such as graphene masks, [10] remote intelligent wearable devices, such as motion monitoring sensors, [11] and other graphene-based functional devices at microwave, terahertz, and optical frequencies. [12] Therefore, searching for the proper graphene-based industrial applications is a driving force for the benign development of the industry.In general, there is basically rare high-quality graphene that meets ISO standards in the market at present, which seriously Graphene, as an emerging 2D material, has been playing an important role in flexible electronics since its discovery in 2004. The representative fabrication methods of graphene include mechanical exfoliation, liquid-phase exfoliation, chemical vapor deposition, redox reaction, etc. Based on its excellent mechanical, electrical, thermo-acoustical, optical, and other properties, graphene has made a great progress in the development of mechanical sensors, microphone, sound source, electrophysio...

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“…Inertial measurement units (IMUs) and pressure insoles are two major types of wearable sensors that have been studied and developed in laboratories to capture body kinematics and GRF surrogates (Liu et al, 2012; Jacobs and Ferris, 2015; Kim et al, 2017; Faber et al, 2018; Fukushi et al, 2019; Cui et al, 2021). However, compared to well tested and compactly designed commercial sensors (Moticon, Germany; Nansense, the United States; Pedar, Germany; Rokoko, Denmark; Tekscan, the United States), in-lab developed systems are mostly manually manufactured, which are far from being widely available to other research groups and individuals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A wearable real-time kinetic measurement sensor setup for human locomotion

Wang

Basu²,

Durandau³

et al. 2023

Wearable Technol.

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Current laboratory-based setups (optical marker cameras + force plates) for human motion measurement require participants to stay in a constrained capture region which forbids rich movement types. This study established a fully wearable system, based on commercially available sensors (inertial measurement units + pressure insoles), that can measure both kinematic and kinetic motion data simultaneously and support wireless frame-by-frame streaming. In addition, its capability and accuracy were tested against a conventional laboratory-based setup. An experiment was conducted, with 9 participants wearing the wearable measurement system and performing 13 daily motion activities, from slow walking to fast running, together with vertical jump, squat, lunge, and single-leg landing, inside the capture space of the laboratory-based motion capture system. The recorded sensor data were post-processed to obtain joint angles, ground reaction forces (GRFs), and joint torques (via multi-body inverse dynamics). Compared to the laboratory-based system, the established wearable measurement system can measure accurate information of all lower limb joint angles (Pearson’s r = 0.929), vertical GRFs (Pearson’s r = 0.954), and ankle joint torques (Pearson’s r = 0.917). Center of pressure (CoP) in the anterior–posterior direction and knee joint torques were fairly matched (Pearson’s r = 0.683 and 0.612, respectively). Calculated hip joint torques and measured medial–lateral CoP did not match with the laboratory-based system (Pearson’s r = 0.21 and 0.47, respectively). Furthermore, both raw and processed datasets are openly accessible (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6457662). Documentation, data processing codes, and guidelines to establish the real-time wearable kinetic measurement system are also shared (https://github.com/HuaweiWang/WearableMeasurementSystem).

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A Low-Cost, Portable, and Wireless In-Shoe System Based on a Flexible Porous Graphene Pressure Sensor

Cited by 13 publications

References 51 publications

Engineering Design, Implementation, and Sensing Mechanisms of Wearable Bioelectronic Sensors in Clinical Settings

Engineering Design, Implementation, and Sensing Mechanisms of Wearable Bioelectronic Sensors in Clinical Settings

From Materials to Devices: Graphene toward Practical Applications

A wearable real-time kinetic measurement sensor setup for human locomotion

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