Análise espacial dos óbitos infantis evitáveis no Espírito Santo, Brasil, 2006-2013*

Abstract

Objective: to analyze spatial distribution of avoidable infant deaths in Espírito Santo state, Brazil, 2006-2013. Methods: this was an ecological study of infant deaths recorded on the Mortality Information System and classified according to the method used by the International Collaborative Effort on Perinatal and Infant Mortality (ICE). Avoidable death rates were calculated and smoothed by global and local Bayesian estimators. Local Moran's Index was used to verify local spatial correlation. Results: of the 5,089 deaths, 4,805 were classified as per ICE, 77.2% of which were avoidable. The crude mean rate was 9.68/1.000 live births, reducing to 8.96/1.000 live births after applying the global Bayesian estimator. The municipality of Jerônimo Monteiro had the highest rate (20.1/1.000 live births). The Local Moran's Index showed weak spatial correlation of 0.197 (p-value=0.02). Conclusion: there were clusters of municipalities in the Central and Southern regions of the state, suggesting the need for adequate monitoring in these areas where there is a higher risk of avoidable deaths.

Child mortality for avoidable causes in Rondônia: temporal series study, 2008-2018

“…The decline in total IMT in Rondônia was lower in relation to rates in other Brazilian regions (6,(9)(10) , and in other countries with similar levels of development to Brazil (3) in the same period analyzed. The mean IMR in the state (14.57/1,000 LB) was higher than the national average (12.4/1,000 LB) in the same period (5) , but lower when compared to the North region (17.6/1,000 LB) (10) .…”

“…On the other hand, although with regional differences, IMR due to preventable causes reflect failures in health care and are events that should not occur, especially due to improvements in available technologies. Studies in more developed regions, such as Espírito Santo, southeastern Brazil, analyzes of 4,805 infant deaths from preventable causes from 2006 to 2013, represented 77.2% of the records, with a reduction from 28.7% to 22.9% in the years analyzed (6) . According to authors, this reduction occurred, mainly due to the gradual improvement in socioeconomic indicators and the timely interventions by health services in the region.…”

“…Only in the last 15 years has the IMR dropped from 29.02 to 13.82/1,000 live births (5) . In the post-neonatal component, there was a significant decline in IMR, especially between 1990-2012, with a reduction from 47.1 to 14.6 deaths/1,000 LB, with more than half taking place in the early neonatal period (6) . Regarding IMR by preventable causes, there was a significant change in this indicator between 2006 and 2012, with a reduction from 11.6 to 9.3 deaths/1,000 live births in different regions of the country (7) .…”

Magnitude e determinantes da mortalidade neonatal e pós-neonatal em Goiânia, Goiás: um estudo de coorte retrospectivo, 2012

“…The determinants of the new configuration of infant deaths include reduced fertility rates, the scaling up of Primary Health Care, improved maternal schooling and expansion of immunization coverage. [6][7][8] Brazil met the Millennium Development Goal of reducing infant mortality by two thirds by 2015, taking the rate in 1990 as the reference; 9 however, current levels of infant mortality in Brazil, comparatively, remain higher than those of high-income countries, 10 suggesting that Brazil should set a more ambitious target for reducing this indicator.…”

Tendência e Distribuição Espacial da Mortalidade Infantil por Causas Evitáveis no Estado de Pernambuco, 2010 a 2017

“…A mortalidade infantil é um problema de saúde pública por se tratar de mortes precoces, e em sua maioria evitáveis (TAVARES et al, 2016;MAIA et al, 2020). Os óbitos infantis estão fortemente ligados às condições socioeconômicas da população, refletindo seu estado de vida e saúde (DIAS et al, 2019). No planejamento e gestão de políticas públicas, a taxa de mortalidade infantil fornece informações que permite a identificação de áreas prioritárias para os serviços de atenção ao prénatal, parto e a saúde infantil (KROPIWIEC,2017;MILANI, 2018).…”