Cytotoxicity evaluation of two root canal sealers and a commercial calcium hydroxide paste on THP1 cell line by Trypan Blue assay

Abstract

Objective:The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of two brands of root canal sealers, epoxy-resin based and zinc oxide-eugenol based, and one commercial calcium hydroxide paste on a monocyte cell line THP-1.Material and methods:Undiluted (crude extract) and diluted extracts to 10%, 1%, 0.1%, 0.01%, 0.001% and 0.0001% of the sealers were tested for cytotoxicity to THP-1 cells using the trypan blue assay. Extracts were obtained according to ISO standard. Data were analyzed statistically by the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests at 5% significance level.Results:Crude extract of AH Plus and Fill Canal killed approximately 90% of THP-1 cells versus 36% of THP-1 cells killed by L&C crude extract (p<0.05). Ten-fold dilutions of L&C, Fill Canal and AH Plus killed 24, 35 and 61% of THP-1 cells (p<0.05), respectively. Dilutions lesser than 1% caused minimal cell death as compared to the control groups (p>0.05), except for L&C 1% extract.Conclusions:The results revealed that the L&C paste crude extract was less cytotoxic to THP-1 cells than AH Plus or Fill Canal crude extracts.

In Vitro Analysis of AHPlus and MM-Seal by ESR and Thermoanalytical Methods

“…In the present ESR studies, it can be asserted that relative cytotoxicity of the materials can be evaluated by measurement of the radical concentration [32,33]. The literature has presented controversial opinion on the cytotoxicity of root canal materials [34][35][36]. Hence, further studies are necessary.…”

Human Periodontal Ligament Cell Response to a Newly Developed Calcium Phosphate–based Root Canal Sealer

“…In agreement with our results, 85% to 90% of cells were killed by crude extract of AH26 and ZOE-based sealers for 24 hours in monocyte cell line THP-1 (25), by 25 mg /mL dilution of methyacrylate-based sealer for 24 hours in HPDLCS (26), and by one half the extract of AH26 and endomethasone for 24 hours in L929 mouse fibroblasts (24). Because direct contact or crude extract of AH26 significantly reduced cell viability, we chose the dilutions of extraction media as previously described (10,24,25). Our results showed that CPC sealers (Sankin, CAPSEAL I, and CAP-SEAL II) showed cytotoxity.…”

Cytotoxicity and Bioactivity of Calcium Silicate Cements Combined with Niobium Oxide in Different Cell Lines

“…Endodontic reparative materials may come into direct contact with dental pulp cells, dental follicle cells, periodontal ligament cells, such as fibroblasts, osteoblasts, undifferentiated mesenchymal cells, among other cell types. Immortalized cell cultures are frequently used in cytotoxicity and bioactivity assays (8)(9)(10) and are recommended by international standards for testing new dental materials (11). Immortalized cell lines are more used due to their facility of culture and the higher phenotypical stability compared to primary cells, which become senescent after a limited number of cell passages (12).…”