Experiências e expressões de gestantes na interação com o sistema de saúde: um enfoque fotoetnográfico

Abstract

This ethnographic study aimed to understand women's experiences related to their contact with the health system due to pregnancy. Cultural Anthropology and Ethnography were used as a theoretical-methodological reference framework. Data were collected through participant observation, photographical resources and interviews. The pictures were taken by pregnant women, who received prenatal care at the Basic Health Units in the area covered by the school hospital, which was considered the cultural scenario for this study. The data were presented as a narrative and were analyzed through the Interpretative and Biographical Method. Data resulted in eight categories, which gave rise to three cultural themes, by means of which the collaborators recover and classify their experiences, in order to ratify the results of important events considered positive or to reconsider the negative events. Next, they glimpse at the birth process in all of its dimensions. The eye of the camera sometimes allowed them to register and absorb facts, and sometimes avoided the capturing of things that would be difficult for them to elaborate at that moment. The findings of this study allowed for a comprehensive view on the collaborators' cultural knowledge, in relation to their interaction with the health system, as well as their expectations in the pregnancy-puerperal cycle.

A influência da assistência profissional em saúde na escolha do tipo de parto: um olhar sócio antropológico na saúde suplementar brasileira

“…17,19 O MS, a OMS e a ANS reconhecem como indispensável a realização de mudanças no paradigma excessivamente medicalizado da assistência obstétrica como estratégia para reduzir as elevadas taxas de cesárea e recomendam a adoção de medidas em direção a integralidade e humanização do cuidado. 4,20,24,25 …”

Interactive narratives in the investigation of the collective imaginary about motherhood

“…Some of them focus on the narrative as a process to elaborate life experiences (Bruner, 1990(Bruner, , 2004, while others emphasize its use as a research instrument (Caine, 2010;Frost, 2009;Frost et al, 2010;Melleiro & Gualda, 2004;Paulson, 2010;Riessman, 2008;Vallido, Wilkes, Carter, & Jackson, 2010).…”

“…As a participant observer or a co-producer of data, Paulson shared dance classes and life stories within dance groups. Melleiro and Gualda (2004) invited pregnant women to take photographs of the hospital where they would give birth. Afterward, a co-construction of those visual narratives guided the researchers in identifying the reasons for the increasing anxiety about childbirth.…”

“…Spiritual forces, egoism, prejudice, the view of a Down syndrome baby as a normality, and unconditional parental love; all of these arguments seem to be mentioned by the participants to justify the presumed destiny of the mother in the story. Melleiro and Gualda (2004) and Calvasina, Nations, Jorge, and Sampaio (2007) studied mothers whose feelings were given voice after compliance with a medical discourse according to which they were either not considered agents of motherhood or responsible for their children fragilities, respectively. The present study seems to ratify the conception of the maternal figure as someone with limited choices whenever the existence of a child beckons on the horizon.…”

O olhar dos usuários de um hospital de ensino: uma análise da qualidade assistencial às gestantes e aos recém-nascidos

“…9,10 Os achados desses estudos detêm elementos passíveis de serem analisados no âmbito qualitativo, no que tange à avaliação da qualidade assistencial, pautado em aspectos que envolvem as dimensões avaliativas de estrutura, de processo e de resultado do modelo donabediano. Assim, em ambas as investigações, no momento do convite para integrar os estudos, os participantes foram esclarecidos acerca dos objetivos, dos procedimentos metodológicos e foram entregues e assinados individualmente os Termos de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido.…”