Causas referidas para o desenvolvimento de úlceras em pés de pessoas com diabetes mellitus

Abstract

OBJETIVO: Analisar as causas referidas na etiologia das úlceras em pés de pessoas com Diabetes mellitus (DM). MÉTODOS: Estudo seccional, quantitativo, realizado no Ambulatório de Diabetes de um Hospital Universitário em Ribeirão Preto - SP. Os dados foram coletados com instrumento estruturado e exame físico dos pés de amostra de 30 pacientes diabéticos. RESULTADOS: Amostra com idade média de 57,5 anos, predominância do sexo masculino e baixa escolaridade; 90% possuíam DM tipo 2, de longa duração e mal controlado; obesidade/sobrepeso em 77% e insensibilidade plantar em 93,3%. A região metatarsiana foi o local de úlcera referido com maior frequência, e a causa foi a calosidade. CONCLUSÃO: as causas referidas envolvidas na etiologia das úlceras correspondem, de forma direta ou indireta, a fatores extrínsecos que podem ser prevenidos com cuidados básicos e de baixo custo. A insensibilidade plantar, fator fundamental desencadeador das úlceras, no entanto não foi reconhecida pelas pessoas.

Pé Diabético: Perfil Sociodemográfico e Clínico de Pacientes Hospitalizados

“…Isto corrobora para que haja predomínio de aposentados dentre as ocupações profissionais. Uma pesquisa realizada no Ambulatório de Diabetes de um hospital da Universidade de São Paulo também encontrou maioria de aposentados (66,7%) 19 . O tabagismo é um importante fator de risco para o DM tipo 2.…”

Atuação do enfermeiros da Estratégia Saúde da Família na prevenção do pé diabético Practice nurse family health strategy in the prevention of diabetic foot

“…Thus, it is evidenced that the study subjects consider instruction a strategy to educate individuals diagnosed with DM, which contributes with the adoption of behaviors directed to self-care, since the more they have access to information and knowledge about their health condition, the more ability they will have to take steps to promote their quality of life; considering that the provision of instructions, along with the effective support by the nursing professionals are indispensable factors to provide the individual with knowledge, abilities, behaviors and motivation for self-care and self-control of the disease. [29][30][31] The nurses also mentioned educational lectures that can be considered of low impact in the transformation of individual and collective realities, when the professional that gives them does not take the into consideration the socioeconomical context of the individuals with DM, and also does not allow a dialogue between the professional and the patient, thus becoming an activity limited only to the transmission of knowledge. 32 Another educational activity performed is the waiting room, which can be described as a productive way to occupy an idle time in the FHUs, by transforming the waiting period for the consultations into moments that can provide educational and experience exchange processes among the users, allowing the exchange of popular knowledge and the nursing professional knowledge.…”

Prevalência e fatores associados à neuropatia periférica em indivíduos com diabetes mellitus Prevalence and factors associated with peripheral neuropathy in individuals with diabetes mellitus

“…Studies report that for every ten years of age, the PND prevalence increases significantly, and after 60 years the incidence was 1.7 times higher than those aged less. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] The lack of glycemic control was not a significant factor in this study. Individuals with glycohemoglobin (HbA1c), as amended, 38.46% had PND.…”

“…This is because women are more concerned with self-care than men. [14][15] The test monofilament is standardized to identify the loss of protective sensation of the foot, by detecting changes in the sensation of touch and proprioception. It was advised as test of choice in the ratings by non-specialists to determine an increased risk of ulceration by the advantages of high sensitivity, good specificity, simplicity, and low cost.…”