Comparison of volatile and polyphenolic compounds in Brazilian green propolis and its botanical origin Baccharis dracunculifolia

Abstract

IntroductionPropolis (also referred to as bee's glue) possesses a broad spectrum of biological activities, such as anti-hepatotoxic, antitumor, antiviral, antioxidant, antimicrobial and antiinflammatory properties, and is therefore used as a constituent of health foods and functional foods (BURDOCK, 1998).Propolis is collected from the leaf buds of numerous tree species (alder, birch, palm, pine, poplar and willow). Other plant exudates and secretions, such as substances secreted by plants to seal wounds, lipophylic substances on leaves, mucilages, gums, resins, lattices, etc. are also used (BANKOVA; CASTRO;MARCUCCI, 2000). Brazilian Green Propolis is collected from the tender sprouts of Baccharis dracunculifolia, which is commonly found in the States of Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro and Paraná AGUIAR, 2002;IKEGAKI;ALENCAR, 2000). In Brazil, twelve distinct groups of propolis have been classified according to their botanical origin and biological properties. Brazilian Green Propolis is classified as Group 12, which is the most commercialized and largely used in foods and beverages to improve health and prevent diseases (PARK et al., 2005).Propolis is in general composed of 50% resin and balsam, 30% wax, 10% essential and aromatic oils, 5% pollen, and 5% other substances, such as aliphatic acids, esters, aromatic acids, fatty acids, carbohydrates, aldehydes, amino acids, ketones, chalcones, dihydrochalcones, terpenoids, vitamins (B1, B2, B6, C and E) and minerals (aluminum, antimony, calcium, cesium, copper, iron, lanthanum, manganese, mercury, nickel, silver, vanadium and zinc) (ALMEIDA; MENEZES, 2002). Resumo Extratos etanólicos e óleos essenciais de própolis verde do sudeste brasileiro e gemas de sua origem botânica (Baccharis dracunculifolia) foram analisados por CLAE-FR (Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Eficiência em Fase Reversa), CCDAE (Cromatografia em Camada Delgada de Alta Eficiência) e CG-EM (Cromatografia Gasosa acoplada a Espectrometria de Massas). Os óleos essenciais foram obtidos por hidro destilação.Extratos etanólicos e óleos essenciais de Baccharis dracunculifolia e de própolis mostraram perfis cromatográficos similares entre si. Treze flavonóides foram identificados por CLAE-FR e CCDAE em ambas as amostras. Vinte e três compostos voláteis foram identificados por CG-EM, sendo dezessete deles presentes em ambos os óleos essenciais. Artepillin C foi o flavonóide encontrado em maiores concentrações em ambas as amostras, enquanto nerolidol foi o volátil majoritário em ambos os óleos essenciais. Os compostos majoritários identificados neste trabalho podem ser utilizados como marcadores químicos para classificar de forma prática e identificar origens botânicas de própolis. Palavras-chave: composição de óleos essenciais; Baccharis dracunculifolia; própolis; Alecrim do campo; flavonóides. AbstractEthanolic extracts and essential oils from Green Propolis from southeastern Brazil and leaf buds from its botanical origin Baccharis dracunculifolia were analyzed by Reversed Phase High Performance Liqui...

Physicochemical properties and antioxidant capacity of propolis of stingless bees (Meliponinae) and Apisfrom two regions of Tocantins, Brazil

“…At the same time, it was observed that gallic acid, catequin, galocatequin and kaempferol are fundamental compounds in the formation of propolis of these species, since they were present in most extracts (Cueto et al 2011). It is important to notice that the diversity of compounds observed is consistent with data from literature (Maróstica Jr et al 2008;Cueto et al 2011;Morlock et al 2014). The identified compounds are described as important in the defense to oxidative damage of biological molecules and able to aid in the treatment of various pathologies (Tao et al 2014).…”

Evaluation of the influence of seasonality and landscape on the physicochemical characteristics of propolis

“…The variation in the chemical quality of the propolis obtained from different places can be explained by the biodiversity of each area where the apiaries are located (SOUSA et al, 2007;MARCUCCI, 1996). The highland landscape contributed to quality propolis, confirming the importance of biodiversity and variation in the vegetation of the apiary.…”

“…This diversity of the propolis in Brazil is reflected on its several therapeutic properties such as antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, immunomodulatory, and anticancer activities (FISCHER et al, 2010;SILVA et al, 2012;MARCUCCI, 1996;BANKOVA, 2011). According to the results…”

“…Currently, the investigation of the chemical characteristics of propolis includes the use diverse methods and technologies, which have been applied mainly for determination of its chemical components, such as flavonoids, phenolics and antioxidant activity (CABRAL et al, 2009;ALENCAR et al;2007;LUO et al, 2011;MARÓSTICA JUNIOR et al, 2008;ALVES;KUBOTA, 2013;FISCHER et al, 2010;OLDONI et al, 2011;SILVA et al, 2012;NUNES et al, 2009;COTTICA et al, 2011).…”

Distribuição Von Mises na avaliação de dados apícolas

“…O Baccharis dracunculifolia é uma planta arbustiva que ocorre no cerrado brasileiro e popularmente conhecida como alecrim-docampo ou vassourinha (Fagundes et al, 2005). Sabe-se que é através da coleta de resina pelas abelhas africanizadas nesta planta que ocorre a produção da chamada própolis verde, atualmente super valorizada (Maróstica Junior et al, 2008).…”