Water treatment by multistage filtration system with natural coagulant from Moringa oleifera seeds

Franco, Monalisa; Silva, Gabriela K. e; Paterniani, José Euclides Stipp

doi:10.1590/s0100-69162012000500018

Cited by 19 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…Após a homogeneização do pó em água com uso de agitador magnético por 3 min, a suspensão resultante foi passada por peneira de abertura de 0,125 mm. Desta solução se utilizou a dosagem de 10 mL L -1 , conforme recomendação de Silva (2012). Tal solução foi utilizada imediatamente após o preparo.…”

Section: Methodsunclassified

“…Após a adição da água bruta aos jarros do equipamento Jar-Test, os sachês contendo 0,8 g de pó foram fixados no seu interior iniciando-se a etapa de dispersão do coagulante em que agitação foi mantida por 35 min com gradiente de velocidade de 20 s -1 para favorecer a dispersão da proteína responsável pela coagulação, conforme descrito por Silva (2012).…”

Section: Methodsunclassified

“…Estudos realizados utilizando-se a Moringa oleifera aliada à filtração no tratamento de água evidenciam bons resultados (Babu & Chaudhuri, 2005;Beltran-Heredia & Sánchez-Martín, 2009;Franco et al, 2012). Após filtração direta Babu & Chaudhuri (2005) Franco et al (2012), que utilizaram o coagulante na forma de solução aquosa após mistura do pó com água destilada verificaram que a aplicação do mesmo resulta em rápido entupimento dos filtros devido ao incremento de matéria orgânica na água.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Após filtração direta Babu & Chaudhuri (2005) Franco et al (2012), que utilizaram o coagulante na forma de solução aquosa após mistura do pó com água destilada verificaram que a aplicação do mesmo resulta em rápido entupimento dos filtros devido ao incremento de matéria orgânica na água.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Silva (2012). As sementes de Moringa oleifera foram descascadas manualmente e processadas em triturador manual com base em Arantes et al (2012), utilizando pó, sem peneiramento (granulometria de 1,68 a 0,21 mm), na confecção dos sachês, conforme descrito por Pritchard et al ( 2010).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Diferentes formas de aplicação da semente de Moringa oleifera no tratamento de água

Arantes

Paterniani

Rodrigues

et al. 2015

Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient.

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R E S U M OCoagulantes naturais e sistemas de filtração são tecnologias de tratamento de água, indicadas para comunidades rurais ou isoladas. Este estudo objetivou comparar duas formas de aplicação de coagulante extraído de sementes de Moringa oleifera. Utilizaramse o coagulante líquido (10 mL L -1 a 20 g L -1) e sachê contendo 0,8 g de pó de sementes de Moringa oleifera. Após as etapas de dispersão da proteína presente nas sementes de Moringa oleifera, coagulação e floculação efetuaram-se pré-filtração ascendente e filtração lenta. Diferenças significativas foram observadas entre o uso do coagulante líquido e sachê na redução de turbidez e cor aparente. Com o uso dos sachês o pré-filtro foi menos eficiente notando-se reduções médias de turbidez igual 73 e 83% para os sachês e coagulante líquido, respectivamente. No filtro lento verificou-se redução média de 84 e 60% com o uso de sachês e coagulante líquido, respectivamente. Considerando todo o sistema de filtração, o uso dos sachês resultou em elevados percentuais de redução de turbidez e cor aparente; além de que seu preparo não requer o uso de água, condição que favorece sua aplicação em regiões em que há escassez de água com qualidade. Different forms of application of Moringa oleifera seeds in water treatmentA B S T R A C T Natural coagulants and filtration systems are suitable water treatment technologies in rural or isolated communities. This research aimed to compare two forms of application of coagulant extracted from Moringa oleifera seeds. Coagulant liquid (10 mL L -1 at 2%) and pouches containing 0.8 g powder were used. The dispersion, coagulation and flocculation steps were performed prior to both up flow gravel pre-filtration and slow sand filtration. Significant differences were observed for the liquid coagulant and pouches regarding the reduction of turbidity and apparent color. Although the up flow gravel pre-filter was less effective with the use of pouches, with an average reduction of turbidity of 73.5 and 82.5% for the pouches and liquid coagulant, respectively, the effluent of the slow filter presented lower turbidity, with an average reduction of 83.9 and 60.1% for the pouches and liquid coagulant, respectively. Considering the filtration system (up flow gravel pre-filter and slow sand filter) the use of pouches showed high reduction of turbidity and apparent color. The preparation of pouches does not require the use of water, a condition that favors its application in areas with lack of water of acceptable quality. Palavras-chave:saneamento rural coagulante natural filtração lenta

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Section: Methodsunclassified

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Diferentes formas de aplicação da semente de Moringa oleifera no tratamento de água

Arantes

Paterniani

Rodrigues

et al. 2015

Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient.

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Trihalomethanes minimization in drinking water by coagulation/flocculation/sedimentation with natural coagulant Moringa oleifera Lam and activated carbon filtration

et al. 2016

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Water treatment plants are designed to remove turbidity and apparent colour, and produce safe water from a microbiological and chemical point of view. Disinfection is the step responsible for the microbiological security, for which chlorine is the most widely‐used agent, since it can react with organic matter present in raw water to form total trihalomethanes (TTHM), which are harmful to humans. In this context, it is proposed to evaluate the effectiveness of the combined process of coagulation, flocculation, and sedimentation (C/F/S) followed by an activated carbon column. The water for the tests was from the Pirapó River (Brazil) with low colour and turbidity. In C/F/S tests, natural coagulant solutions from Moringa oleifera (MO) degreased with ethanol (MO(et)) and hexane (MO(hex)) were compared to coagulant aluminum polychloride (PAC) with further filtration in an activated carbon column. For all these tests, removal efficiency of apparent colour, turbidity, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and compounds with UV254nm absorption (UV254nm) were evaluated. The disinfection process was performed and residual chlorine and TTHM formation were evaluated. It was observed that the process of C/F/S using MO(et) followed by filtration through activated carbon was able to reduce the values of physicochemical parameters (96 % removal for turbidity and apparent colour, 93 % for UV254nm, and 99 % for DOC) with reduced formation of TTHM (25.31 μg/L). Moreover, oil extraction with ethanol presents advantages over hexane due to being a solvent with good operational security, low toxicity, and being a bio‐renewable source, all characteristics not present in hexane.

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Comparative study between M. oleifera and aluminum sulfate for water treatment: case study Colombia

Gámez

Risco

Cano

2015

Environ Monit Assess

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The world has a water deficit, mostly located in developing countries. For example, in Colombia, water deficit is a major concern and it increases in rural areas, where the rate of accessibility to drinking water is of 33.26% in 2005. Since the 1970s, the most used technology for water purification is the conventional physicochemical process. The most common coagulant used in this process is aluminum sulfate (alum). This study focuses on a comparison between Moringa oleifera seeds and alum for water treatment in different natural waters. Results showed that M. oleifera removed 90% turbidity and alum 96% from water samples from the tested natural brook. However, color removal for M. oleifera was 95 and 80.3% for alum. For water-polluted samples, both coagulants have shown high efficiency (100%) in color and turbidity removal. Usage of natural coagulants (i.e., M. oleifera) instead of chemical ones (i.e., alum) are more convenient in rural areas where the economic situation and accessibility of those products are key elements to maintain fresh water treatment standards. Additionally, results demonstrated that high dosages M. oleifera did not affect the optimal value in terms of color and turbidity removal. In rural and developing countries, this is important because it does not require a sophisticated dosing equipment.

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Water treatment by multistage filtration system with natural coagulant from Moringa oleifera seeds

Cited by 19 publications

References 9 publications

Diferentes formas de aplicação da semente de Moringa oleifera no tratamento de água

Diferentes formas de aplicação da semente de Moringa oleifera no tratamento de água

Trihalomethanes minimization in drinking water by coagulation/flocculation/sedimentation with natural coagulant Moringa oleifera Lam and activated carbon filtration

Comparative study between M. oleifera and aluminum sulfate for water treatment: case study Colombia

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