Subenxertia da goiabeira 'Paluma' com araçazeiros resistentes a Meloidogyne enterolobii (sin. M. mayaguensis)

Abstract

, GRAziELLA siqUEiRA CAMPos 5 RESUMO -Estudos anteriores demonstraram resistência ou imunidade ao nematoide Meloidogyne enterolobii em araçazeiros (Psidium cattleyanum sabine), mas não foi encontrada essa resistência em goiabeiras. o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a subenxertia entre a goiabeira 'Paluma' e araçazeiros, como um meio de obter goiabeiras resistentes ao nematoide. oitenta plântulas da goiabeira 'Paluma', produzidas por estaquia, foram conduzidas em vasos de 5 litros (uma por vaso) até que atingissem 8 mm à altura de 10 cm do colo para serem subenxertadas. os subenxertos (acessos dos araçazeiros 115; 116; 117 e goiabeira) foram produzidos por mudas seminíferas. Ao lado de cada muda de goiabeira 'Paluma' (copa), foram transplantadas duas mudas seminíferas de araçazeiros ou de goiabeiras. A subenxertia foi feita por um corte em bisel e introdução do subenxerto de uma das plantas laterais sob a casca da goiabeira 'Paluma'. A outra planta lateral foi despontada na mesma época e utilizada como uma testemunha. Foram efetuadas avaliações a cada 20 dias quanto ao crescimento em diâmetro do caule (da copa, do subenxerto e da testemunha). o pegamento na subenxertia da goiabeira 'Paluma' com os araçazeiros foi inferior ao pegamento observado quando o subenxerto utilizado foi a própria goiabeira. Após o pegamento, em muitos casos, a conexão vascular não foi estabelecida com sucesso e não houve estabelecimento de conexões vasculares funcionais entre alguns subenxertos produzidos com araçazeiros ou com a própria goiabeira, o que foi comprovado pela baixa sobrevivência da copa após o corte de seu sistema radicular. A subenxertia deve ser mais bem investigada para a introdução de um porta-enxerto à goiabeira. Termos para indexação: Psidium guajava Lineu, Psidium cattleyanum sabine, propagação vegetativa, controle de fitonematoides. INARCHING OF GUAVA 'PALUMA' WITH CATTLEY GUAVA RESISTANT TO Meloidogyne enterolobii (syn. M. mayaguensis)ABSTRACT -Previous screenings have found resistance to M. enterolobii in cattley guava (Psidium cattleyanum sabine) genotypes, but not in guava (P. guajava). This study aimed to evaluate inarching between the guavas 'Paluma' and cattley as a mean to obtain nematode-resistant guava plants. Eighty 'Paluma' plantlets were produced from stem cuttings and cultivated in 5L pots (one plant per pot) until they reached a stem diameter of about 8 mm at 10 cm from the collar. Cattley guavas were obtained from true seeds of the accessions 115, 116 and 117. When all the plants reached a stem minimum diameter for inarching, two cattley guava seedlings were transplanted to each of the 5L pots, into holes of about 280 cm 3 dig on each side of the 'Paluma' plants. For inarching, a cut was made in the 'Paluma' stem, and one of the cattley guava or 'Paluma' seedling was inserted under the bark. The other side plant remained as a blank control. Every 20 days the following variables were evaluated: fusion of tissues between the grafted plants and growth of the plants´ stem diameter. successful inarchi...

Grafting guava on cattley guava resistant to Meloidogyne enterolobii

“…'Paluma' and the rootstocks of guava reaching 63,3% while grafting success between Paluma and cattley guava plants from accessions 115 and 117, reaching 32 and 29%, respectively. ROBAINA et al (2012) observed low rates of inarching success between of P. guajava 'Paluma' and accessions 115 and 117. The authors suggest incompatibility between the tissues of guava and of these accessions.…”

“…'Paluma'. ROBAINA et al (2012) assessed the fixation of inarching and did not observe survival of P. guajava 'Paluma' inarching with accession 116, either. The inarching using accession 116 of cattle guava presented tissue welding with guava, but the lack of functionality of the vascular tissues was observed.…”

Production of Guava Mini-Grafted on Intra or Interspecific Rootstock

“…When evaluating inarching under the canopy of 'Paluma' guava, Robaina et al (2012) found success percentage of 40% when the sub-graft used was of the same species (intraspecific), and between 0 and 20% when using Psidium cattleyanum subgraft (interspecific). In the work above, the lower grafting success percentage verified was associated to the lack of compatibility between the tissues of the two species.…”

PENETRATION, DEVELOPMENT, AND REPRODUCTION OF Meloidogyne enterolobii ON Psidium SPECIES AND INDUCED CELLULAR RESPONSES IN THE ROOTS

“…Brazil is one of the world's largest producers of guava and its cultivation is distributed throughout the country (ROZANE et al, 2009). The introduction of this crop in irrigated areas of Pernambuco and Bahia states in 1985 diversified the semi-arid region potential to meet both national consumption and exportation, allowing the production of highquality fruits over the year (FLORI and CASTRO, 2009).…”

“…In order to make viable the use of genetic resistance, the compatibility of araçá rootstocks for 'Paluma' scions has been tested (CARNEIRO et al, 2007;ALMEIDA et al, 2009). Although it proved its feasibility, in some cases a lack of compatibility in araçá inarches has also been reported (ROBAINA et al, 2012). At the same time, studies that clarify the mechanisms involved in the response of Psidium species to nematodes are necessary for a longer duration and effectiveness of the adopted management strategies.…”