The Capsicum breeding has been developed with emphasis in bell pepper (Capsicum annuum) and few studies are available in other species, especially C. baccatum, which has potential use not only as disease resistance source but also in obtaining new genotypes suitable for farmers' production. In the present work, the combining ability of ten C. baccatum hybrids, along with their five parentals, were tested considering 12 agronomic traits. The hybrids were produced from a complete diallel without reciprocals and assessed in greenhouse conditions, in Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil, during the period July to December 2009. The experimental design was a randomized block with three replications and the following agronomic traits evaluated: canopy diameter (CD), plant height (PH), days to fructification (DF), number of fruits per plant (NFP), mean fruit weight (FW), dry fruit matter weight (FDM), dry matter content (DM), fruit length (FL), fruit diameter (FD), pulp thickness (PT), total soluble solids (TSS) and yield per plant (PP). Significant differences were observed only for general combining ability (GCA) in regard to PH, FW, FDM, DM, PT and TSS, indicating that additive effects were involved on the control of these characters. For CD, DF, NFP, FL, FD and PP, there was significance not only for GCA but also for specific combining ability (SCA) indicating that non-additive and additive effects were important in genetic control of these traits. The hybrids UENF 1629 X UENF 1732, UENF 1616 X UENF 1732 and UENF 1624 X UENF 1639 were considered superior because they have favorable agronomic traits.

Herança de caracteres relacionados à produção de frutos emAbstract -This work aimed to estimate genetic parameters related to the fruits production in a chilli pepper diallel (Capsicum baccatum var. pendulum). Five chilli pepper genitors were evaluated (UENF 1616, UENF 1624, UENF 1629, UENF 1639 and UENF 1732) and its respective hybrids F 1 , from a complete diallel without reciprocals. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse covered with plastic film located in area from the consortium UENF/PESAGRO-RIO, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, from July/2009 to December/2009, in a randomized block design with three repetitions and nine plants by plot. The following agronomic traits were evaluated: canopy diameter (CD); plant height (PH); days for fruiting (DF); number of fruits by plant (NFP); fruit average-weight (FAW); fruit dry mass (FDM); dry matter (DM); fruit length (FL); fruit diameter (FD); fruit wall thickness (PT); total soluble solids (TSS); and yield per plant (PROD). Only the FAW, FDM and PROD had absence of significance concerning the three tests of sufficiency for the additive dominant model, indicating that there is homogeneity among the variances and co-variances and, consequently, lack of epistasis in the control of character. For the FAW and FDM traits, the additive genetic effects were the most important ones. Nevertheless, in the PROD the dominance effect was the most important. It was verified a partial dominance for FAW and FDM, and an over-dominance for PROD. The genitors UENF 1616 and UENF 1629 were the ones which had larger concentrations of favorable alleles for the three characteristics under study.

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ABSTRACT. Pathogenesis-related proteins (PRs) are among the defense mechanisms of plants that work as an important barrier to the development of pathogens. These proteins are classified into 17 families according to their amino acid sequences, serology, and/or biological or enzyme activity. The present study aimed to identify PRs associated with the pathosystem of Capsicum baccatum var. pendulum: Pepper yellow mosaic virus (PepYMV). Forty-five-day-old plants from accession UENF 1624, previously identified as resistant to PepYMV, were inoculated with the virus. Control and infected leaves were collected for analysis after 24, 48, 72, and 96 h. The inoculated and control plants were grown in cages covered with anti-aphid screens. Proteins were extracted from leaf tissue and the presence of β-1,3-glucanase, chitinase, peroxidase, and lipid transport protein was verified.

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Meloidogyne enterolobii has become one of the major constraints in Capsicum field crop, especially because genes conferring resistance to others Meloidogyne sp. are not effective against M. enterolobii. This study aimed to identify resistant Capsicum spp. accessions to nematode M. enterolobii and to classify the accessions according to resistance degree. Thirty-nine accessions of the Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF) gene bank were evaluated, being 12 accessions of C. annuum, 11 C. chinense, ten C. baccatum and six C. frutescens. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse in a completely randomized design with ten replications and one plant per plot. The inoculation was carried out 20 days after germination being inoculated 500 eggs per plant and evaluation conducted after 75 days. Reproduction factor and reproduction index were determined, and accessions were classified according to resistance degree to the nematode. There were significant differences among the accessions tested in relation to the traits evaluated, indicating the existence of variability among and within species of Capsicum. Only UENF 1730 (C. chinense) accession was considered resistant.Key words: chili pepper, disease resistance, germplasm evaluation, pre-breeding, sweet pepper Resistência a Meloidogyne enterolobii em acessos de Capsicum spp. RESUMOA identificação de fontes de resistência a Meloidogyne enterolobii em plantas do gênero Capsicum tornou-se uma necessidade premente para o desenvolvimento de cultivares resistentes a esse nematoide já que genes que conferem resistência à espécie de Meloidogyne não são eficazes contra M. enterolobii. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar acessos de diferentes espécies de Capsicum quanto à reação ao nematoide M. enterolobii e classificá-los quanto ao grau de resistência. Trinta e nove acessos da coleção de germoplasma da Universidade Estadual do Norte-Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF) foram avaliados, sendo 12 acessos de C. annuum, 11 de C. chinense dez de C. baccatum e seis de C. frutescens. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação no delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com dez repetições e uma planta por parcela. A inoculação foi feita 20 dias após a germinação sendo inoculados 500 ovos viáveis por planta e avaliação conduzida após 75 dias. As variáveis avaliadas foram o fator de reprodução e o índice de reprodução a partir do qual se estabeleceu o grau de resistência ao nematoide. Houve diferença altamente significativa entre os acessos para as variáveis testadas indicando existência de variabilidade entre e dentro das espécies de Capsicum; apenas o acesso UENF 1730 (C. chinense) foi considerado resistente.Palavras-chave: pimenta, resistência a doenças, avaliação de germoplasma, pré-melhoramento, pimentão

, GRAziELLA siqUEiRA CAMPos 5 RESUMO -Estudos anteriores demonstraram resistência ou imunidade ao nematoide Meloidogyne enterolobii em araçazeiros (Psidium cattleyanum sabine), mas não foi encontrada essa resistência em goiabeiras. o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a subenxertia entre a goiabeira 'Paluma' e araçazeiros, como um meio de obter goiabeiras resistentes ao nematoide. oitenta plântulas da goiabeira 'Paluma', produzidas por estaquia, foram conduzidas em vasos de 5 litros (uma por vaso) até que atingissem 8 mm à altura de 10 cm do colo para serem subenxertadas. os subenxertos (acessos dos araçazeiros 115; 116; 117 e goiabeira) foram produzidos por mudas seminíferas. Ao lado de cada muda de goiabeira 'Paluma' (copa), foram transplantadas duas mudas seminíferas de araçazeiros ou de goiabeiras. A subenxertia foi feita por um corte em bisel e introdução do subenxerto de uma das plantas laterais sob a casca da goiabeira 'Paluma'. A outra planta lateral foi despontada na mesma época e utilizada como uma testemunha. Foram efetuadas avaliações a cada 20 dias quanto ao crescimento em diâmetro do caule (da copa, do subenxerto e da testemunha). o pegamento na subenxertia da goiabeira 'Paluma' com os araçazeiros foi inferior ao pegamento observado quando o subenxerto utilizado foi a própria goiabeira. Após o pegamento, em muitos casos, a conexão vascular não foi estabelecida com sucesso e não houve estabelecimento de conexões vasculares funcionais entre alguns subenxertos produzidos com araçazeiros ou com a própria goiabeira, o que foi comprovado pela baixa sobrevivência da copa após o corte de seu sistema radicular. A subenxertia deve ser mais bem investigada para a introdução de um porta-enxerto à goiabeira. Termos para indexação: Psidium guajava Lineu, Psidium cattleyanum sabine, propagação vegetativa, controle de fitonematoides. INARCHING OF GUAVA 'PALUMA' WITH CATTLEY GUAVA RESISTANT TO Meloidogyne enterolobii (syn. M. mayaguensis)ABSTRACT -Previous screenings have found resistance to M. enterolobii in cattley guava (Psidium cattleyanum sabine) genotypes, but not in guava (P. guajava). This study aimed to evaluate inarching between the guavas 'Paluma' and cattley as a mean to obtain nematode-resistant guava plants. Eighty 'Paluma' plantlets were produced from stem cuttings and cultivated in 5L pots (one plant per pot) until they reached a stem diameter of about 8 mm at 10 cm from the collar. Cattley guavas were obtained from true seeds of the accessions 115, 116 and 117. When all the plants reached a stem minimum diameter for inarching, two cattley guava seedlings were transplanted to each of the 5L pots, into holes of about 280 cm 3 dig on each side of the 'Paluma' plants. For inarching, a cut was made in the 'Paluma' stem, and one of the cattley guava or 'Paluma' seedling was inserted under the bark. The other side plant remained as a blank control. Every 20 days the following variables were evaluated: fusion of tissues between the grafted plants and growth of the plants´ stem diameter. successful inarchi...

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