Exigência protéica de juvenis de tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) após privação alimentar

Abstract

RESUMOO objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a exigência protéica de juvenis de tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) após a privação alimentar. Os peixes (50,3±0,26g) foram submetidos a quatro rações isoenergéticas com diferentes concentrações protéicas (28, 32, 36 e 40% proteína bruta) e dois regimes alimentares (com privação e sem privação) durante 60 dias. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 4x2, em triplicata. Avaliaram-se os parâmetros de qualidade de água e de desempenho no 1º, 15 o e 60º dia de experimento. Os parâmetros da qualidade da água permaneceram dentro dos padrões de cultivo. Não houve mortalidade nos tratamentos testados. Foram observados diferenças entre os tratamentos para os índices de desempenho analisados: taxa de crescimento específico, eficiência alimentar, consumo diário de ração, consumo de proteína bruta, taxa de eficiência protéica e ganho de peso relativo, com exceção do índice hepatossomático. Houve hiperfagia, indicando a existência de crescimento compensatório. Os peixes realimentados com 36% proteína bruta tiveram incremento no teor de gordura visceral e maior deposição de proteína corporal. Estes resultados explicam uma melhora nos dados de ganho de peso, duração da hiperfagia, taxa de crescimento e eficiência alimentar. A privação alimentar não influencia a exigência protéica em juvenis de tambaqui. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Colossoma macropomum; crescimento compensatório; nutrição de peixes; piscicultura Protein requirement of tambaqui juveniles (Colossoma macropomum) after feed deprivation ABSTRACTThe aim of this work was evaluate protein requirement of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) juveniles after feed deprivation. During 60 days, fish (50,3 ± 0,26 g) were fed on four isoenergetics diets with different protein content (28, 32, 36 and 40% crude protein) at two feeding regimes (with and without feed deprivation) under completely random factorial design (4x2) in triplicate. Water quality parameters and performance index were evaluated at 1º, 15 o and 60º days. Water quality parameters were kept at normal fish cultivation patterns. No mortality in the tested treatments. There were observed differences among treatments for performance indexes analyzed: growth rate, feed efficiency, daily feed consumption, crude protein consumption, efficiency protein rate and relative weight gain, except for hepatosomatic index. Hyperfagia was detected indicating the occurrence of compensatory growth. Fat content and body protein deposition increased in fishes refed on 36% of crude protein. These results explain some data observed belong the experiment like the increase of weight gain, of the hyperfagia time extension, of the growth rate and of the feed efficiency. Therefore those fish shows increase on weight gain, hyperfagia time, growth rate and feed efficiency. There is no influence of feed deprivation on protein requirement tambaqui juveniles.

Crude Protein Levels in the Diets of Tambaqui, Colossoma Macropomum (Cuvier, 1818), Fingerlings

“…In contrast, with increasing CP, body protein deposition increased in a quadratic manner (to yield a maximum value of 44.29%) until a CP level of 32.50% was achieved (Table 3). These results corroborate those of Oishi, Nwanna and Pereira Filho (2010) and Santos et al (2010), who reported that protein deposition rates are closely related to protein concentration in the diet.…”

“…There is great disparity in the recommended dietary crude protein level during the nursery phase, 22% to 50% CP (VIDAL JÚNIOR et al, 1998;SILVA et al, 2006;OISHI;NWANNA;PEREIRA FILHO, 2010;SANTOS et al, 2010), owing to varying experimental conditions (diet, water quality, stock density, etc.) that can affect the results (RODRIGUES, 2014).…”

Obtenção E Caracterização Da Farinha a Partir De Silagem Ácida Do Resíduo Da Filetagem Do Tambaqui Cultivado

“…Tornou-se popular entre os consumidores devido ao sabor atrativo, pois além da disponibilidade nos supermercados brasileiros tem sido exportado à países europeus, como Portugal e França. O alto valor comercial do tambaqui devese a alta produtividade, bom potencial de crescimento, facilidade de adaptação a rações e a cativeiro, e o alto valor nutritivo (SANTOS et al, 2010;BORGES, 2013).…”

Feeding strategies and energy to protein ratio on tambaqui performance and physiology

“…A strategy to reduce feeding costs is to determine fish nutritional requirements, mainly protein need, which is the most expensive nutrient in the diet (Santos et al, 2010). The protein requirement of a species is the minimum amount of amino acids that generates the maximum growth possible and can be influenced by protein source, dietary energy to protein (E/P) ratio, fish size, and water temperature (Pezzato et al, 2004).…”

“…Ituassú et al (2004) subjected tambaqui to different periods of deprivation and found that after a restriction of up to 14 days the species showed total compensatory growth and higher body protein deposition when feed was restored. Santos et al (2010) kept juvenile tambaqui unfed for 14 days and observed that protein requirements did not increase after a period of food restriction. These authors also found that animals fed ration containing 9.5 kcal g -1 digestible energy per protein presented best carcass composition after feed restriction, with lower fat content and higher body protein deposition.…”